本文實例講述了Python unittest模塊用法。分享給大家供大家參考，具體如下：

python的unittest模塊提供了一個測試框架，只要我們寫一個繼承unittest.TestCase的類，類中用setUp做初始化，用tearDown做清理。

主要用到的函數有：

failedinfo表示不成立打印信息failedinfo，為可選參數
self.fail([msg])會無條件的導致測試失敗，不推薦使用。
self.assertEqual(value1, value2, failedinfo) # 斷言value1 == value2
self.assertTrue(表達式, failedinfo) # 斷言value為真
self.assertFalse(表達式, failedinfo) # 斷言value為假
# 斷言肯定發生異常，如果沒發生異常，則為測試失敗。
# 參數1為異常，參數二為拋出異常的調用對象，剩余參數為傳遞給可調用對象的參數。
self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.widget.resize, -1, -1)
調用時機的加self,如self.assertEqual(self.seq, range(10))，self.assertTrue(value > 100)

更詳細的教程見：http://pyunit.sourceforge.net/pyunit_cn.html

Python代碼：

#coding=utf-8import randomimport unittestclass TestSequenceFunctions(unittest.TestCase):  def setUp(self):    self.seq = range(10)  def test_shuffle(self):    # make sure the shuffled sequence does not lose any elements    random.shuffle(self.seq)    self.seq.sort()    self.assertEqual(self.seq, range(10))    # should raise an exception for an immutable sequence    self.assertRaises(TypeError, random.shuffle, (1,2,3))  def test_choice(self):    element = random.choice(self.seq)    self.assertTrue(element in self.seq)  def test_sample(self):    with self.assertRaises(ValueError):      random.sample(self.seq, 20)    for element in random.sample(self.seq, 5):      self.assertTrue(element in self.seq)results_fields = [  ("username", unicode),  ("showid", unicode),  ("total_pv", int),  ("pubdate", unicode),  ("tags", list),  ("showname", unicode),  ("pg", int),  ("ext", str),]results_fields_map = dict(results_fields)class TestDictValueFormatFunctions(unittest.TestCase):  def setUp(self):    self.results = [{      "username": u"瘋狂豆花",      "showid": u"130e28f0fe0811e0a046",      "total_pv": 14503214,      "pubdate": u"2012-07-07 01:22:47",      "tags": [        "軒轅劍",        "天之痕"        ],      "showname" : u"軒轅劍之天之痕",      "pg" : 1,      "ext" : "mp4"    }    ]  def test_format(self):    self.assertTrue(isinstance(self.results, list), "self.results's type must be dict but got {0}".format(type(self.results)))    for r in self.results:      for f in results_fields_map:        value = r.get(f, None)        self.assertTrue(isinstance(value, results_fields_map[f]), u"{0}'s type must be {1} but got {2}".format(value, results_fields_map[f], type(value)))        #self.assertTrue(isinstance(value, results_fields_map[f]))  def test_value(self):    for r in self.results:      self.assertEqual(r["pg"], 1)      self.assertEqual(r["ext"], u"mp4")if __name__ == '__main__':  # unittest.main() # 用這個是最簡單的，下面的用法可以同時測試多個類  # unittest.TextTestRunner(verbosity=2).run(suite1) # 這個等價于上述但可設置verbosity=2，省去了運行時加-v  suite1 = unittest.TestLoader().loadTestsFromTestCase(TestSequenceFunctions)  suite2 = unittest.TestLoader().loadTestsFromTestCase(TestDictValueFormatFunctions)  suite = unittest.TestSuite([suite1, suite2])  unittest.TextTestRunner(verbosity=2).run(suite)