前言

本文主要給大家介紹了關于利用python求解物理學中雙彈簧質能系統的相關內容，分享出來供大家參考學習，下面話不多說了，來一起看看詳細的介紹吧。

物理的模型如下：

在這個系統里有兩個物體，它們的質量分別是m1和m2，被兩個彈簧連接在一起，伸縮系統為k1和k2，左端固定。假定沒有外力時，兩個彈簧的長度為L1和L2。

由于兩物體有重力，那么在平面上形成摩擦力，那么摩擦系數分別為b1和b2。所以可以把微分方程寫成這樣：

這是一個二階的微分方程，為了使用python來求解，需要把它轉換為一階微分方程。所以引入下面兩個變量：

這兩個相當于運動的速度。通過運算可以改為這樣：

這時可以線性方程改為向量數組的方式，就可以使用python定義了

代碼如下：

# Use ODEINT to solve the differential equations defined by the vector field from scipy.integrate import odeint  def vectorfield(w, t, p):  """  Defines the differential equations for the coupled spring-mass system.   Arguments:   w : vector of the state variables:      w = [x1,y1,x2,y2]   t : time   p : vector of the parameters:      p = [m1,m2,k1,k2,L1,L2,b1,b2]  """  x1, y1, x2, y2 = w  m1, m2, k1, k2, L1, L2, b1, b2 = p   # Create f = (x1',y1',x2',y2'):  f = [y1,    (-b1 * y1 - k1 * (x1 - L1) + k2 * (x2 - x1 - L2)) / m1,    y2,    (-b2 * y2 - k2 * (x2 - x1 - L2)) / m2]  return f  # Parameter values # Masses: m1 = 1.0 m2 = 1.5 # Spring constants k1 = 8.0 k2 = 40.0 # Natural lengths L1 = 0.5 L2 = 1.0 # Friction coefficients b1 = 0.8 b2 = 0.5  # Initial conditions # x1 and x2 are the initial displacements; y1 and y2 are the initial velocities x1 = 0.5 y1 = 0.0 x2 = 2.25 y2 = 0.0  # ODE solver parameters abserr = 1.0e-8 relerr = 1.0e-6 stoptime = 10.0 numpoints = 250  # Create the time samples for the output of the ODE solver. # I use a large number of points, only because I want to make # a plot of the solution that looks nice. t = [stoptime * float(i) / (numpoints - 1) for i in range(numpoints)]  # Pack up the parameters and initial conditions: p = [m1, m2, k1, k2, L1, L2, b1, b2] w0 = [x1, y1, x2, y2]  # Call the ODE solver. wsol = odeint(vectorfield, w0, t, args=(p,),     atol=abserr, rtol=relerr)  with open('two_springs.dat', 'w') as f:  # Print & save the solution.  for t1, w1 in zip(t, wsol):     out = '{0} {1} {2} {3} {4}/n'.format(t1, w1[0], w1[1], w1[2], w1[3]);   print(out)   f.write(out);