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Android實現照片墻效果的實例代碼

2019-10-22 18:11:36
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來源:轉載
供稿:網友

照片墻這種功能現在應該算是挺常見了,在很多應用中你都可以經常看到照片墻的身影。它的設計思路其實也非常簡單,用一個GridView控件當作“墻”,然后隨著GridView的滾動將一張張照片貼在“墻”上,這些照片可以是手機本地中存儲的,也可以是從網上下載的。制作類似于這種的功能的應用,有一個非常重要的問題需要考慮,就是圖片資源何時應該釋放。因為隨著GridView的滾動,加載的圖片可能會越來越多,如果沒有一種合理的機制對圖片進行釋放,那么當圖片達到一定上限時,程序就必然會崩潰。

今天我們照片墻應用的實現,重點也是放在了如何防止由于圖片過多導致程序崩潰上面。主要的核心算法使用了Android中提供的LruCache類,這個類是3.1版本中提供的,如果你是在更早的Android版本中開發,則需要導入android-support-v4的jar包。

關于LruCache用法的詳細講解,可以參考Android高效加載大圖、多圖解決方案 有效避免程序OOM。

那我們開始動手吧,新建一個Android項目,起名叫PhotoWallDemo,這里我使用的是Android 4.0的API。

第一個要考慮的問題就是,我們從哪兒去收集這么多的圖片呢?這里我從谷歌官方提供的Demo里將圖片源取了出來,我們就從這些網址中下載圖片,代碼如下所示:

public class Images {  public final static String[] imageThumbUrls = new String[] {  "https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-55osAWw3x0Q/URquUtcFr5I/AAAAAAAAAbs/rWlj1RUKrYI/s160-c/A%252520Photographer.jpg",  "https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/--dq8niRp7W4/URquVgmXvgI/AAAAAAAAAbs/-gnuLQfNnBA/s160-c/A%252520Song%252520of%252520Ice%252520and%252520Fire.jpg",  "https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-7qZeDtRKFKc/URquWZT1gOI/AAAAAAAAAbs/hqWgteyNXsg/s160-c/Another%252520Rockaway%252520Sunset.jpg",  "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/--L0Km39l5J8/URquXHGcdNI/AAAAAAAAAbs/3ZrSJNrSomQ/s160-c/Antelope%252520Butte.jpg",  "https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-8HO-4vIFnlw/URquZnsFgtI/AAAAAAAAAbs/WT8jViTF7vw/s160-c/Antelope%252520Hallway.jpg",  "https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-WIuWgVcU3Qw/URqubRVcj4I/AAAAAAAAAbs/YvbwgGjwdIQ/s160-c/Antelope%252520Walls.jpg",  "https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-UBmLbPELvoQ/URqucCdv0kI/AAAAAAAAAbs/IdNhr2VQoQs/s160-c/Apre%2525CC%252580s%252520la%252520Pluie.jpg",  "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-s-AFpvgSeew/URquc6dF-JI/AAAAAAAAAbs/Mt3xNGRUd68/s160-c/Backlit%252520Cloud.jpg",  "https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-bvmif9a9YOQ/URquea3heHI/AAAAAAAAAbs/rcr6wyeQtAo/s160-c/Bee%252520and%252520Flower.jpg",  "https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-n7mdm7I7FGs/URqueT_BT-I/AAAAAAAAAbs/9MYmXlmpSAo/s160-c/Bonzai%252520Rock%252520Sunset.jpg",  "https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-4CN4X4t0M1k/URqufPozWzI/AAAAAAAAAbs/8wK41lg1KPs/s160-c/Caterpillar.jpg",  "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-rrFnVC8xQEg/URqufdrLBaI/AAAAAAAAAbs/s69WYy_fl1E/s160-c/Chess.jpg",  "https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-WVpRptWH8Yw/URqugh-QmDI/AAAAAAAAAbs/E-MgBgtlUWU/s160-c/Chihuly.jpg",  "https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-0BDXkYmckbo/URquhKFW84I/AAAAAAAAAbs/ogQtHCTk2JQ/s160-c/Closed%252520Door.jpg",  "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-PyggXXZRykM/URquh-kVvoI/AAAAAAAAAbs/hFtDwhtrHHQ/s160-c/Colorado%252520River%252520Sunset.jpg",  "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-ZAs4dNZtALc/URquikvOCWI/AAAAAAAAAbs/DXz4h3dll1Y/s160-c/Colors%252520of%252520Autumn.jpg",  "https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-GztnWEIiMz8/URqukVCU7bI/AAAAAAAAAbs/jo2Hjv6MZ6M/s160-c/Countryside.jpg",  "https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-bEg9EZ9QoiM/URquklz3FGI/AAAAAAAAAbs/UUuv8Ac2BaE/s160-c/Death%252520Valley%252520-%252520Dunes.jpg",  "https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-ijQJ8W68tEE/URqulGkvFEI/AAAAAAAAAbs/zPXvIwi_rFw/s160-c/Delicate%252520Arch.jpg",  "https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-Oh8mMy2ieng/URqullDwehI/AAAAAAAAAbs/TbdeEfsaIZY/s160-c/Despair.jpg",  "https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-gl0y4UiAOlk/URqumC_KjBI/AAAAAAAAAbs/PM1eT7dn4oo/s160-c/Eagle%252520Fall%252520Sunrise.jpg",  "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-hYYHd2_vXPQ/URqumtJa9eI/AAAAAAAAAbs/wAalXVkbSh0/s160-c/Electric%252520Storm.jpg",  "https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-PyY_yiyjPTo/URqunUOhHFI/AAAAAAAAAbs/azZoULNuJXc/s160-c/False%252520Kiva.jpg",  "https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-PYvLVdvXywk/URqunwd8hfI/AAAAAAAAAbs/qiMwgkFvf6I/s160-c/Fitzgerald%252520Streaks.jpg",  "https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-KIR_UobIIqY/URquoCZ9SlI/AAAAAAAAAbs/Y4d4q8sXu4c/s160-c/Foggy%252520Sunset.jpg",  "https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-9lzOk_OWZH0/URquoo4xYoI/AAAAAAAAAbs/AwgzHtNVCwU/s160-c/Frantic.jpg",  "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-0X3JNaKaz48/URqupH78wpI/AAAAAAAAAbs/lHXxu_zbH8s/s160-c/Golden%252520Gate%252520Afternoon.jpg",  "https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-95sb5ag7ABc/URqupl95RDI/AAAAAAAAAbs/g73R20iVTRA/s160-c/Golden%252520Gate%252520Fog.jpg",  "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-JB9v6rtgHhk/URqup21F-zI/AAAAAAAAAbs/64Fb8qMZWXk/s160-c/Golden%252520Grass.jpg",  "https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-EIBGfnuLtII/URquqVHwaRI/AAAAAAAAAbs/FA4McV2u8VE/s160-c/Grand%252520Teton.jpg",  "https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-WoMxZvmN9nY/URquq1v2AoI/AAAAAAAAAbs/grj5uMhL6NA/s160-c/Grass%252520Closeup.jpg",  "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-6hZiEHXx64Q/URqurxvNdqI/AAAAAAAAAbs/kWMXM3o5OVI/s160-c/Green%252520Grass.jpg",  "https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-6LVb9OXtQ60/URquteBFuKI/AAAAAAAAAbs/4F4kRgecwFs/s160-c/Hanging%252520Leaf.jpg",  "https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-zAvf__52ONk/URqutT_IuxI/AAAAAAAAAbs/D_bcuc0thoU/s160-c/Highway%2525201.jpg",  "https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-H4SrUg615rA/URquuL27fXI/AAAAAAAAAbs/4aEqJfiMsOU/s160-c/Horseshoe%252520Bend%252520Sunset.jpg",  "https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-JhFi4fb_Pqw/URquuX-QXbI/AAAAAAAAAbs/IXpYUxuweYM/s160-c/Horseshoe%252520Bend.jpg",  "https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-UGgssvFRJ7g/URquueyJzGI/AAAAAAAAAbs/yYIBlLT0toM/s160-c/Into%252520the%252520Blue.jpg",  "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-CH7KoupI7uI/URquu0FF__I/AAAAAAAAAbs/R7GDmI7v_G0/s160-c/Jelly%252520Fish%2525202.jpg",  "https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-pwuuw6yhg8U/URquvPxR3FI/AAAAAAAAAbs/VNGk6f-tsGE/s160-c/Jelly%252520Fish%2525203.jpg",  "https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-GoUQVw1fnFw/URquv6xbC0I/AAAAAAAAAbs/zEUVTQQ43Zc/s160-c/Kauai.jpg",  "https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-8QdYYQEpYjw/URquwvdh88I/AAAAAAAAAbs/cktDy-ysfHo/s160-c/Kyoto%252520Sunset.jpg",  "https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-vPeekyDjOE0/URquwzJ28qI/AAAAAAAAAbs/qxcyXULsZrg/s160-c/Lake%252520Tahoe%252520Colors.jpg",  "https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-xBPxWpD4yxU/URquxWHk8AI/AAAAAAAAAbs/ARDPeDYPiMY/s160-c/Lava%252520from%252520the%252520Sky.jpg",  "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-897VXrJB6RE/URquxxxd-5I/AAAAAAAAAbs/j-Cz4T4YvIw/s160-c/Leica%25252050mm%252520Summilux.jpg",  "https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-qSJ4D4iXzGo/URquyDWiJ1I/AAAAAAAAAbs/k2pBXeWehOA/s160-c/Leica%25252050mm%252520Summilux.jpg",  "https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-dwlPg83vzLg/URquylTVuFI/AAAAAAAAAbs/G6SyQ8b4YsI/s160-c/Leica%252520M8%252520%252528Front%252529.jpg",  "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-R3_EYAyJvfk/URquzQBv8eI/AAAAAAAAAbs/b9xhpUM3pEI/s160-c/Light%252520to%252520Sand.jpg",  "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-fHY5h67QPi0/URqu0Cp4J1I/AAAAAAAAAbs/0lG6m94Z6vM/s160-c/Little%252520Bit%252520of%252520Paradise.jpg",  "https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-TzF_LwrCnRM/URqu0RddPOI/AAAAAAAAAbs/gaj2dLiuX0s/s160-c/Lone%252520Pine%252520Sunset.jpg",  "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-4HdpJ4_DXU4/URqu046dJ9I/AAAAAAAAAbs/eBOodtk2_uk/s160-c/Lonely%252520Rock.jpg",  "https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-erbF--z-W4s/URqu1ajSLkI/AAAAAAAAAbs/xjDCDO1INzM/s160-c/Longue%252520Vue.jpg",  "https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-0CXJRdJaqvc/URqu1opNZNI/AAAAAAAAAbs/PFB2oPUU7Lk/s160-c/Look%252520Me%252520in%252520the%252520Eye.jpg",  "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-D_5lNxnDN6g/URqu2Tk7HVI/AAAAAAAAAbs/p0ddca9W__Y/s160-c/Lost%252520in%252520a%252520Field.jpg",  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圖片源已經有了,現在我們就該考慮在哪里放置這些圖片了。新建或打開activity_main.xml作為程序的主布局,加入如下代碼:

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"  android:layout_width="wrap_content"  android:layout_height="wrap_content" >  <GridView  android:id="@+id/photo_wall"  android:layout_width="match_parent"  android:layout_height="wrap_content"  android:columnWidth="90dip"  android:stretchMode="columnWidth"  android:numColumns="auto_fit"  android:verticalSpacing="10dip"  android:gravity="center"  ></GridView> </LinearLayout> 

可以看到,我們在這個布局文件中僅加入了一個GridView,這也就是我們程序中的“墻”,所有的圖片都將貼在這個“墻”上。

接著我們定義GridView中每一個子View的布局,新建一個photo_layout.xml布局,加入如下代碼:

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"  android:layout_width="wrap_content"  android:layout_height="wrap_content" >  <ImageView  android:id="@+id/photo"  android:layout_width="90dip"  android:layout_height="90dip"  android:src="@drawable/empty_photo"  android:layout_centerInParent="true"  /> </RelativeLayout> 

在每一個子View中我們就簡單使用了一個ImageView來顯示一張圖片。這樣所有的布局就已經定義好了。

接下來新建PhotoWallAdapter做為GridView的適配器,代碼如下所示:

public class PhotoWallAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<String> implements OnScrollListener {  /**  * 記錄所有正在下載或等待下載的任務。  */  private Set<BitmapWorkerTask> taskCollection;  /**  * 圖片緩存技術的核心類,用于緩存所有下載好的圖片,在程序內存達到設定值時會將最少最近使用的圖片移除掉。  */  private LruCache<String, Bitmap> mMemoryCache;  /**  * GridView的實例  */  private GridView mPhotoWall;  /**  * 第一張可見圖片的下標  */  private int mFirstVisibleItem;  /**  * 一屏有多少張圖片可見  */  private int mVisibleItemCount;  /**  * 記錄是否剛打開程序,用于解決進入程序不滾動屏幕,不會下載圖片的問題。  */  private boolean isFirstEnter = true;  public PhotoWallAdapter(Context context, int textViewResourceId, String[] objects,  GridView photoWall) {  super(context, textViewResourceId, objects);  mPhotoWall = photoWall;  taskCollection = new HashSet<BitmapWorkerTask>();  // 獲取應用程序最大可用內存  int maxMemory = (int) Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory();  int cacheSize = maxMemory / 8;  // 設置圖片緩存大小為程序最大可用內存的1/8  mMemoryCache = new LruCache<String, Bitmap>(cacheSize) {  @Override  protected int sizeOf(String key, Bitmap bitmap) {  return bitmap.getByteCount();  }  };  mPhotoWall.setOnScrollListener(this);  }  @Override  public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {  final String url = getItem(position);  View view;  if (convertView == null) {  view = LayoutInflater.from(getContext()).inflate(R.layout.photo_layout, null);  } else {  view = convertView;  }  final ImageView photo = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.photo);  // 給ImageView設置一個Tag,保證異步加載圖片時不會亂序  photo.setTag(url);  setImageView(url, photo);  return view;  }  /**  * 給ImageView設置圖片。首先從LruCache中取出圖片的緩存,設置到ImageView上。如果LruCache中沒有該圖片的緩存,  * 就給ImageView設置一張默認圖片。  *  * @param imageUrl  * 圖片的URL地址,用于作為LruCache的鍵。  * @param imageView  * 用于顯示圖片的控件。  */  private void setImageView(String imageUrl, ImageView imageView) {  Bitmap bitmap = getBitmapFromMemoryCache(imageUrl);  if (bitmap != null) {  imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);  } else {  imageView.setImageResource(R.drawable.empty_photo);  }  }  /**  * 將一張圖片存儲到LruCache中。  *  * @param key  * LruCache的鍵,這里傳入圖片的URL地址。  * @param bitmap  * LruCache的鍵,這里傳入從網絡上下載的Bitmap對象。  */  public void addBitmapToMemoryCache(String key, Bitmap bitmap) {  if (getBitmapFromMemoryCache(key) == null) {  mMemoryCache.put(key, bitmap);  }  }  /**  * 從LruCache中獲取一張圖片,如果不存在就返回null。  *  * @param key  * LruCache的鍵,這里傳入圖片的URL地址。  * @return 對應傳入鍵的Bitmap對象,或者null。  */  public Bitmap getBitmapFromMemoryCache(String key) {  return mMemoryCache.get(key);  }  @Override  public void onScrollStateChanged(AbsListView view, int scrollState) {  // 僅當GridView靜止時才去下載圖片,GridView滑動時取消所有正在下載的任務  if (scrollState == SCROLL_STATE_IDLE) {  loadBitmaps(mFirstVisibleItem, mVisibleItemCount);  } else {  cancelAllTasks();  }  }  @Override  public void onScroll(AbsListView view, int firstVisibleItem, int visibleItemCount,  int totalItemCount) {  mFirstVisibleItem = firstVisibleItem;  mVisibleItemCount = visibleItemCount;  // 下載的任務應該由onScrollStateChanged里調用,但首次進入程序時onScrollStateChanged并不會調用,  // 因此在這里為首次進入程序開啟下載任務。  if (isFirstEnter && visibleItemCount > 0) {  loadBitmaps(firstVisibleItem, visibleItemCount);  isFirstEnter = false;  }  }  /**  * 加載Bitmap對象。此方法會在LruCache中檢查所有屏幕中可見的ImageView的Bitmap對象,  * 如果發現任何一個ImageView的Bitmap對象不在緩存中,就會開啟異步線程去下載圖片。  *  * @param firstVisibleItem  * 第一個可見的ImageView的下標  * @param visibleItemCount  * 屏幕中總共可見的元素數  */  private void loadBitmaps(int firstVisibleItem, int visibleItemCount) {  try {  for (int i = firstVisibleItem; i < firstVisibleItem + visibleItemCount; i++) {  String imageUrl = Images.imageThumbUrls[i];  Bitmap bitmap = getBitmapFromMemoryCache(imageUrl);  if (bitmap == null) {  BitmapWorkerTask task = new BitmapWorkerTask();  taskCollection.add(task);  task.execute(imageUrl);  } else {  ImageView imageView = (ImageView) mPhotoWall.findViewWithTag(imageUrl);  if (imageView != null && bitmap != null) {  imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);  }  }  }  } catch (Exception e) {  e.printStackTrace();  }  }  /**  * 取消所有正在下載或等待下載的任務。  */  public void cancelAllTasks() {  if (taskCollection != null) {  for (BitmapWorkerTask task : taskCollection) {  task.cancel(false);  }  }  }  /**  * 異步下載圖片的任務。  *  * @author guolin  */  class BitmapWorkerTask extends AsyncTask<String, Void, Bitmap> {  /**  * 圖片的URL地址  */  private String imageUrl;  @Override  protected Bitmap doInBackground(String... params) {  imageUrl = params[0];  // 在后臺開始下載圖片  Bitmap bitmap = downloadBitmap(params[0]);  if (bitmap != null) {  // 圖片下載完成后緩存到LrcCache中  addBitmapToMemoryCache(params[0], bitmap);  }  return bitmap;  }  @Override  protected void onPostExecute(Bitmap bitmap) {  super.onPostExecute(bitmap);  // 根據Tag找到相應的ImageView控件,將下載好的圖片顯示出來。  ImageView imageView = (ImageView) mPhotoWall.findViewWithTag(imageUrl);  if (imageView != null && bitmap != null) {  imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);  }  taskCollection.remove(this);  }  /**  * 建立HTTP請求,并獲取Bitmap對象。  *  * @param imageUrl  * 圖片的URL地址  * @return 解析后的Bitmap對象  */  private Bitmap downloadBitmap(String imageUrl) {  Bitmap bitmap = null;  HttpURLConnection con = null;  try {  URL url = new URL(imageUrl);  con = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();  con.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000);  con.setReadTimeout(10 * 1000);  bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(con.getInputStream());  } catch (Exception e) {  e.printStackTrace();  } finally {  if (con != null) {  con.disconnect();  }  }  return bitmap;  }  } } 

PhotoWallAdapter是整個照片墻程序中最關鍵的一個類了,這里我來重點給大家講解一下。首先在PhotoWallAdapter的構造函數中,我們初始化了LruCache類,并設置了最大緩存容量為程序最大可用內存的1/8,接下來又為GridView注冊了一個滾動監聽器。然后在getView()方法中,我們為每個ImageView設置了一個唯一的Tag,這個Tag的作用是為了后面能夠準確地找回這個ImageView,不然異步加載圖片會出現亂序的情況。之后調用了setImageView()方法為ImageView設置一張圖片,這個方法首先會從LruCache緩存中查找是否已經緩存了這張圖片,如果成功找到則將緩存中的圖片顯示在ImageView上,否則就顯示一張默認的空圖片。

看了半天,那到底是在哪里下載圖片的呢?這是在GridView的滾動監聽器中進行的,在onScrollStateChanged()方法中,我們對GridView的滾動狀態進行了判斷,如果當前GridView是靜止的,則調用loadBitmaps()方法去下載圖片,如果GridView正在滾動,則取消掉所有下載任務,這樣可以保證GridView滾動的流暢性。在loadBitmaps()方法中,我們為屏幕上所有可見的GridView子元素開啟了一個線程去執行下載任務,下載成功后將圖片存儲到LruCache當中,然后通過Tag找到相應的ImageView控件,把下載好的圖片顯示出來。

由于我們使用了LruCache來緩存圖片,所以不需要擔心內存溢出的情況,當LruCache中存儲圖片的總大小達到容量上限的時候,會自動把最近最少使用的圖片從緩存中移除。

最后新建或打開MainActivity作為程序的主Activity,代碼如下所示:

public class MainActivity extends Activity {  /**  * 用于展示照片墻的GridView  */  private GridView mPhotoWall;  /**  * GridView的適配器  */  private PhotoWallAdapter adapter;  @Override  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);  mPhotoWall = (GridView) findViewById(R.id.photo_wall);  adapter = new PhotoWallAdapter(this, 0, Images.imageThumbUrls, mPhotoWall);  mPhotoWall.setAdapter(adapter);  }  @Override  protected void onDestroy() {  super.onDestroy();  // 退出程序時結束所有的下載任務  adapter.cancelAllTasks();  } } 

MainActivity中的代碼非常簡單,沒什么需要說明的了,在Activity被銷毀時取消掉了所有的下載任務,避免程序在后臺耗費流量。另外由于我們使用了網絡功能,別忘了在AndroidManifest.xml中加入網絡權限的聲明。

現在可以運行一下程序了,效果如下圖所示:

android,照片墻

可以看到,滾動照片墻,會異步加載圖片到相應的ImageView上。隨著加載圖片的增多,會釋放掉一些之前加載過的圖片,你多滾動幾次就可以看得出了。另外為了能讓大家明顯看出圖片的釋放情況,我在這個程序中沒有使用本地緩存,所有被釋放掉的圖片再次顯示需要從網絡上再下載一遍。在實際的項目中配合適當的本地緩存效果會更好。

打開DDMS,我們可以發現,由于有LruCache幫我們管理圖片緩存,不管如何滾動照片墻,程序內存始終會保持在一個合理的范圍內。

android,照片墻

本篇文章的重點在于如何對圖片進行更好的回收,因此照片墻只是簡單地使用GridView進行了展示,想要看更酷更炫的照片墻效果的朋友,可以參考我后面的一篇文章Android瀑布流照片墻實現,體驗不規則排列的美感。

好了,今天的講解到此結束,有疑問的朋友請在下面留言。

源碼下載,請點擊這里

以上就是本文的全部內容,希望對大家的學習有所幫助,也希望大家多多支持VEVB武林網。


注:相關教程知識閱讀請移步到Android開發頻道。
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