說明和 Model

環境：

➜ pythonPython 3.6.3 |Anaconda custom (x86_64)| (default, Oct 6 2017, 12:04:38)[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Clang 4.0.1 (tags/RELEASE_401/final)] on darwinType "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.>>> import django>>> print(django.get_version())2.0.1>>>

2018年05月23日更新：

可以通過get_changeform_initial_data 函數來傳遞initial參數.

# admin.py@admin.register(Score)class ScoreConfigAdmin(FilterUserAdmin):  # fields = ('id','name')  form = ScoreConfigAdminForm  def get_changeform_initial_data(self, request):    initial = super().get_changeform_initial_data(request)    initial.update({'uid': request.user.id})    return initial# forms.pyclass ScoreConfigAdminForm(forms.ModelForm):  def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):    super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)    if not kwargs.get('initial'):      return    self.uid = kwargs.get('initial').get('uid')  class Meta:    model = Score    fields = '__all__'

有一個支持多用戶（使用 django admin）的 Blog，每一篇 Post 都需要記錄是誰發表的并且屬于那個 Blog。

user 與 Blog 的關系、 Blog 與 Post 有2種定義方式，一種是使用獨立關系表，另外一種是直接在 Model 中定義中使用外鍵。

后面一種的 model 定義如下：

from django.contrib.auth.models import Userfrom django.db import modelsclass Blog(models.Model):  '''  Blog  '''  id = models.AutoField(unique=True, primary_key = True, verbose_name="序號")  name = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name="名稱")  user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)  create_time = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name='添加時間', auto_now_add=True, blank=True)  class Meta:    verbose_name = 'Blog'    verbose_name_plural = 'Blog管理'  def __str__(self):    return self.nameclass Post(models.Model):  '''  Post 內容  '''  id = models.AutoField(unique=True, primary_key = True, verbose_name="序號")  title = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name="標題")  content = models.TextField(max_length=1024, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name="內容")  blog = models.ForeignKey(Blog, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name="所屬Blog")  user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)  create_time = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name='添加時間', auto_now_add=True, blank=True)  class Meta:    verbose_name = '文章'    verbose_name_plural = '文章管理'  def __str__(self):    return self.title

Admin 中實現

admin 中有2處，一處是 Blog 和 Post 列表中按 user 過濾，另外一處是新增 Post 時需要按當前 user 過濾。完整代碼如下：

from django.contrib import adminfrom django import forms# Register your models here.from django_summernote.admin import SummernoteModelAdminfrom .models import Team, Member, Activity, Scorefrom .models import Blog, Postclass FilterUserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):  '''  按所屬用戶過濾的 base, class  '''  def save_model(self, request, obj, form, change):    # TODO 需要考慮不同用戶對同一數據進行修改。    obj.user = request.user    obj.save()  def get_queryset(self, request):    # For Django < 1.6, override queryset instead of get_queryset    qs = super(FilterUserAdmin, self).get_queryset(request)     # 不能加這個，加了這個會導致 superuser 更新普通用戶的數據。    # if request.user.is_superuser:    #   return qs    return qs.filter(user=request.user)  def has_change_permission(self, request, obj=None):    has_class_permission = super(FilterUserAdmin, self).has_change_permission(request, obj)    if not has_class_permission:      return False    if obj is not None and not request.user.is_superuser and request.user.id != obj.user.id:      return False    return Trueclass BlogConfigAdmin(FilterUserAdmin):  list_display = ('id','name', 'create_time')  exclude = ['user']  list_per_page = 50admin.site.register(Blog, BlogConfigAdmin)class PostConfigAdmin(FilterUserAdmin):  list_display = ('id','title', 'create_time')  exclude = ['user']  list_per_page = 50  def render_change_form(self, request, context, add=False, change=False, form_url='', obj=None):    # 新增 Post 時，相關聯的 Blog 需要過濾，關鍵就在下面這句。    context['adminform'].form.fields['blog'].queryset = Team.objects.filter(user=request.user)    return super(MemberConfigAdmin, self).render_change_form(request, context, add, change, form_url, obj)admin.site.register(Post, PostConfigAdmin)