傳值---傳遞基本數(shù)據(jù)類型參數(shù)
public class PassValue{
static void exchange(int a, int b){//靜態(tài)方法,交換a,b的值
int temp;
temp = a;
a = b;
b = temp;
}
public static void main(String[] args){
int i = 10;
int j = 100;
System.out.println("before call: " + "i=" + i + "/t" + "j = " + j);//調(diào)用前
exchange(i, j); //值傳遞,main方法只能調(diào)用靜態(tài)方法
System.out.println("after call: " + "i=" + i + "/t" + "j = " + j);//調(diào)用后
}
}
運行結(jié)果:
before call: i = 10 j = 100
after call: i = 10 j = 100
說明:調(diào)用exchange(i, j)時,實際參數(shù)i,j分別把值傳遞給相應(yīng)的形式參數(shù)a,b,在執(zhí)行方法exchange()時,形式參數(shù)a,b的值的改變不影響實際參數(shù)i和j的值,i和j的值在調(diào)用前后并沒改變。
引用傳遞---對象作為參數(shù)
class Book{
String name;
private folat price;
Book(String n, float ){ //構(gòu)造方法
name = n;
price = p;
}
static void change(Book a_book, String n, float p){ //靜態(tài)方法,對象作為參數(shù)
a_book.name = n;
a_book.price = p;
}
public void output(){ //實例方法,輸出對象信息
System.out.println("name: " + name + "/t" + "price: " + price);
}
}
public class PassAddr{
public static void main(String [] args){
Book b = new Book("java2", 32.5f);
System.out.print("before call:/t"); //調(diào)用前
b.output();
b.change(b, "c++", 45.5f); //引用傳遞,傳遞對象b的引用,修改對象b的值
System.out.print("after call:/t"); //調(diào)用后
b.output();
}
}
運行結(jié)果:
before call: name:java2 price:32.5
after call: name:c++ price:45.5
說明:調(diào)用change(b,"c++",45.5f)時,對象b作為實際參數(shù),把引用傳遞給相應(yīng)的形式參數(shù)a_book,實際上a_book也指向同一個對象,即該對象有兩個引用名:b和a_book。在執(zhí)行方法change()時,對形式參數(shù)a_book操作就是對實際參數(shù)b的操作。