linux chage命令簡介：
chage命令用于密碼實效管理，該是用來修改帳號和密碼的有效期限。它可以修改賬號和密碼的有效期。對于chage命令的描述如下所示：
The chage command changes the number of days between password changes and the date of the last password change. This information is used by the system to determine when a user must change his/her password
命令語法：
chage [options] user
命令參數：
| 參數 | 描敘 |
| -d | 指定密碼最后修改日期 |
| -E | 密碼到期的日期，過了這天，此賬號將不可用。0表示馬上過期，-1表示永不過期。 |
| -h | 顯示幫助信息并退出 |
| -I | 密碼過期后，鎖定賬號的天數 |
| -l | 列出用戶以及密碼的有效期 |
| -m | 密碼可以更改的最小天數。為零代表任何時候都可以更改密碼。 |
| -M | 密碼保持有效的最大天數。 |
| -W | 密碼過期前，提前收到警告信息的天數。 |
使用示例：
1: 查看chage命令的幫助信息
[root@DB-Server ~]#man chage
[root@DB-Server ~]# info chage
[root@DB-Server ~]# chage -h
Usage: chage [options] user
Options:
-d, --lastday LAST_DAY set last password change to LAST_DAY
-E, --expiredate EXPIRE_DATE set account expiration date to EXPIRE_DATE
-h, --help display this help message and exit
-I, --inactive INACTIVE set password inactive after expiration
to INACTIVE
-l, --list show account aging information
-m, --mindays MIN_DAYS set minimum number of days before password
change to MIN_DAYS
-M, --maxdays MAX_DAYS set maximim number of days before password
change to MAX_DAYS
-W, --warndays WARN_DAYS set expiration warning days to WARN_DAYS
2：查看mysql用戶以及密碼的有效期
[root@DB-Server ~]# chage -l mysql
Last password change : Mar 26, 2015
Password expires : never
Password inactive : never
Account expires : never
Minimum number of days between password change : -1
Maximum number of days between password change : -1
Number of days of warning before password expires : -1
[root@DB-Server ~]#
3：設置mysql用戶60天后密碼過期，至少7天后才能修改密碼，密碼過期前7天開始收到告警信息。
[root@DB-Server ~]# chage -M 60 -m 7 -W 7 mysql
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@DB-Server ~]# chage -l mysql
Last password change : Mar 26, 2015
Password expires : May 25, 2015
Password inactive : never
Account expires : never
Minimum number of days between password change : 7
Maximum number of days between password change : 60
Number of days of warning before password expires : 7
[root@DB-Server ~]#
clip_image001
4：強制新建用戶第一次登陸時修改密碼
[root@DB-Server home]# useradd test
[root@DB-Server home]# passwd test
Changing password for user test.
New UNIX password:
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@DB-Server home]# chage -d 0 test
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@DB-Server home]# chage -l test
Last password change : password must be changed
Password expires : never
Password inactive : never
Account expires : never
Minimum number of days between password change : 0
Maximum number of days between password change : 99999
Number of days of warning before password expires : 7
下面給大家介紹linux chage命令
功能：修改帳號和密碼的有效期限
用法：chage[-l][-m mindays][-M maxdays][-I inactive][-E expiredate][-W warndays][-d lastdays]username
參數：
-l：列出用戶的以及密碼的有效期限
-m:修改密碼的最小天數
-M：修改密碼的最大天數
-I：密碼過期后，鎖定帳號的天數
-d：指定密碼最后修改的日期
-E：有效期，0表示立即過期，-1表示永不過期
-W：密碼過期前，開始警告天數
