docker之點到點的容器網絡的配置

2024-09-01 13:54:16

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來源：轉載

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一、搭建容器之間的網絡

1. 查看目前的網絡環境

[root@liuxin-test01 ~]# ip a1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1  link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00  inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo    valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever  inet6 ::1/128 scope host    valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000  link/ether 00:0c:29:ca:41:84 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff  inet 192.168.8.192/24 brd 192.168.8.255 scope global eth0    valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever  inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feca:4184/64 scope link    valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 1000  link/ether 00:0c:29:ca:41:8e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff4: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN  link/ether 02:42:a3:f4:2f:40 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff  inet 172.17.0.1/16 scope global docker0    valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever  inet6 fe80::42:a3ff:fef4:2f40/64 scope link    valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2.創建兩個無網絡的容器

--rm 參數講解一下：

在Docker容器退出時，默認容器內部的文件系統仍然被保留，以方便調試并保留用戶數據。

但是，對于foreground容器，由于其只是在開發調試過程中短期運行，其用戶數據并無保留的必要，因而可以在容器啟動時設置--rm選項，這樣在容器退出時就能夠自動清理容器內部的文件系統。

--net=none 無網絡環境
--net=bridge 默認的參數，通過網橋（docker0）來設置容器的網絡。也可以通過DOCKER_OPTS選項的-b參數來指定默認網橋
--net=host 共享主機的網絡環境，不推薦這么設置
--net=container 兩個容器共享IP地址和端口號等網絡資源

下面兩個容器是在兩個終端中創建的

[root@liuxin-test01 ~]# docker run --rm -it --net=none --name='centos01' centos:7.4.1708[root@f64cdc7ffff1 /]#

[root@liuxin-test01 ~]# docker run --rm -it --net=none --name='centos02' centos:7.4.1708[root@cd4df383b68e /]#

3. 查看這兩個容器的進程ID

[root@liuxin-test01 ~]# docker inspect -f '{{.State.Pid}}' f6421682[root@liuxin-test01 ~]# docker inspect -f '{{.State.Pid}}' cd421832

4. 為這兩個容器創建虛擬的網絡空間

[root@liuxin-test01 ~]# mkdir -p /var/run/netns[root@liuxin-test01 ~]# ln -s /proc/21682/ns/net /var/run/netns/21682[root@liuxin-test01 ~]# ln -s /proc/21832/ns/net /var/run/netns/21832[root@liuxin-test01 ~]#

5. 創建一對veth，兩端命名為A、B

veth 是虛擬的以太設備，類似于網卡設備。這個是linux容器技術引進的，要求必須成對出現

[root@liuxin-test01 ~]# ip link add A type veth peer name B[root@liuxin-test01 ~]# ip a1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1  link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00  inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo    valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever  inet6 ::1/128 scope host    valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000  link/ether 00:0c:29:ca:41:84 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff  inet 192.168.8.192/24 brd 192.168.8.255 scope global eth0    valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever  inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feca:4184/64 scope link    valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 1000  link/ether 00:0c:29:ca:41:8e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff4: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN  link/ether 02:42:a3:f4:2f:40 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff  inet 172.17.0.1/16 scope global docker0    valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever  inet6 fe80::42:a3ff:fef4:2f40/64 scope link    valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever157: B@A: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,M-DOWN> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 1000  link/ether de:f7:3b:24:a5:0e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff158: A@B: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,M-DOWN> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 1000  link/ether 9a:65:96:de:04:90 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

6. 將兩端分別放到兩個容器中

我們可以看到，加入到容器之后，再次執行ip a 已經看不到這兩個設備了

[root@liuxin-test01 ~]# ip link set A netns 21682[root@liuxin-test01 ~]# ip link set B netns 21832[root@liuxin-test01 ~]# ip a1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1  link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00  inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo    valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever  inet6 ::1/128 scope host    valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000  link/ether 00:0c:29:ca:41:84 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff  inet 192.168.8.192/24 brd 192.168.8.255 scope global eth0    valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever  inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feca:4184/64 scope link    valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 1000  link/ether 00:0c:29:ca:41:8e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff4: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN  link/ether 02:42:a3:f4:2f:40 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff  inet 172.17.0.1/16 scope global docker0    valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever  inet6 fe80::42:a3ff:fef4:2f40/64 scope link    valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

7. 設置兩個容器網絡空間的ip

[root@liuxin-test01 ~]# ip netns exec 21682 ip addr add 192.168.99.1/32 dev A[root@liuxin-test01 ~]# ip netns exec 21832 ip addr add 192.168.99.2/32 dev B

8. 啟動兩個容器的網絡

[root@liuxin-test01 ~]# ip netns exec 21682 ip link set A up[root@liuxin-test01 ~]# ip netns exec 21832 ip link set B up

9. 給這兩個容器設置一下網關

[root@liuxin-test01 ~]# ip netns exec 21682 ip route add 192.168.99.2/32 dev A[root@liuxin-test01 ~]# ip netns exec 21832 ip route add 192.168.99.1/32 dev B

10. 測試

[root@f64cdc7ffff1 /]# ping 192.168.99.2PING 192.168.99.2 (192.168.99.2) 56(84) bytes of data.64 bytes from 192.168.99.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.095 ms

[root@cd4df383b68e /]# ping 192.168.99.1PING 192.168.99.1 (192.168.99.1) 56(84) bytes of data.64 bytes from 192.168.99.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.057 ms

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