Linux Centos6.5 64bit下安裝oracle12c：
groupadd oinstallgroupadd dbamkdir -p /u01/oracleuseradd -g oinstall -G dba -d /u01/oracle oracle（這里不是一定要把home目錄更改到/u01/oracle，默認也可。）把下面三個文件復(fù)制到 /u01/oracle目錄下[root@oracle /]# cd /etc/skel/[root@oracle skel]# ll -a-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 18 7月 18 2013 .bash_logout-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 176 7月 18 2013 .bash_profile-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 124 7月 18 2013 .bashrc注：useradd添加用戶時，會自動從這個目錄下的文件復(fù)制到用戶的家目錄password oraclechown -R oracle:oinstall /u01chmod -R 775 /u01/
/*安裝vnc*/
yum -y install tigervnc-servervncserver 回車輸入密碼ps -ef | grep vncvnc客戶端連接：ip:1
檢測是否有安裝以下程序：
binutils-2.17.50.0.6compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3 -elfutils-libelf-0.125elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125 -elfutils-libelf-devel-static-0.125 -gcc-4.1.2 -gcc-c++-4.1.2 -glibc-2.5-24glibc-common-2.5glibc-devel-2.5glibc-headers-2.5kernel-headers-2.6.18ksh-20060214 -libaio-0.3.106libaio-devel-0.3.106 -libgcc-4.1.2libgomp-4.1.2libstdc++-4.1.2libstdc++-devel-4.1.2 -make-3.81sysstat-7.0.2 unixODBC-2.2.11 -unixODBC-devel-2.2.11 -
修改 /etc/sysctl.conf 文件，加上如下參數(shù)
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576fs.file-max = 6815744kernel.shmall = 2097152kernel.shmmax = 536870912kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500net.core.rmem_default = 262144net.core.rmem_max = 4194304net.core.wmem_default = 262144net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
為使上述配置生效而不重啟系統(tǒng)，執(zhí)行如下命令
# /sbin/sysctl -p
修改用戶限制
root用戶：修改 /etc/security/limits.conf 文件，加上下面的參數(shù)
oracle soft nproc 2047oracle hard nproc 16384oracle soft nofile 1024oracle hard nofile 65536
修改用戶驗證選項
root用戶下：修改/etc/pam.d/login文件加上如下參數(shù)
session required pam_limits.so
修改用戶配置文件
root用戶下：修改/etc/profile文件加入如下參數(shù)：
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fifi
修改oracle用戶bash_profile：
$ vi .bash_profile
增加如下內(nèi)容，主要是修改
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01 export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0/db_1export ORACLE_SID=hxw168 export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:$HOME/bin
安裝oracle:
安裝oracle無法使用命令/usr/bin/xdpyinfo自動檢查顯示器顏色：
[root@oracle /]# xdpyinfo | grep "name of display"name of display: :1.0[root@oracle /]# 在Oracle用戶下執(zhí)行命令：export DISPLAY=:1.0 （上面name of display:后面的 :1.0）
prvf-0002:無法檢索本地節(jié)點名
host文件 ip與名稱對應(yīng)192.168.198.188 oracle
SQL> create user admin identified by zerostudy;
create user admin identified by zerostudy
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-65096: invalid common user or role name
SQL> !oerr ora 65096
65096, 00000, "invalid common user or role name"
// *Cause: An attempt was made to create a common user or role with a name
// that wass not valid for common users or roles. In addition to
// the usual rules for user and role names, common user and role
// names must start with C## or c## and consist only of ASCII
// characters.
// *Action: Specify a valid common user or role name.
//
解決方法：http://www.survivalescaperooms.com/article/92720.htm
調(diào)整虛擬機的內(nèi)存到600多M(原來1G多)，啟動oracle時提示：
SQL> startup
ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system
SQL> !oerr ora 00854
00854, 00000, "ASM IOServer Instance Fence monitor process terminated."
// *Cause: The ASM IOServer Fence monitor process died.
// *Action: Warm start the instance.
原因就是Linux系統(tǒng)的shm的大小比SGA設(shè)置的小造成的。
可以調(diào)整shm的大小:
vi /etc/fstab
修改如下行的設(shè)置
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
改成
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,size=6G 0 0
重新mount下shm使其生效
mount -o remount /dev/shm
TNS-12514: TNS:listener does not currently know of service requested in connect descriptor
需要更改listener.ora文件（跟徑在$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin），然后重啟lsnrctl
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.#LISTENER =# (DESCRIPTION_LIST =# (DESCRIPTION =# (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))# (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.198.188)(PORT = 1521))# )# )hxw168 = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.198.188)(PORT = 1521)) ) ) SID_LIST_hxw168= (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC= (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/product/12.1.0/db_1) (SID_NAME = hxw168) ) )
oracle簡單的啟動腳本：
[root@oracle ~]# cat /etc/init.d/oracle su - oracle <<EOFlsnrctl startsqlplus / as sysdbastartupEOF
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