文章簡(jiǎn)介：apache最新官方配置文件中文版。幫忙web服務(wù)器管理員更方便的對(duì)apache進(jìn)行配置。

#

# based upon the ncsa server configuration files originally by rob mccool.

#參照ncsa服務(wù)器的配置文件，原版由rob mccool發(fā)布

#

# this is the main apache server configuration file.  it contains the

# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.

# see <url:http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0/> for detailed information about

# the directives.

#這是apache server的主配置文件. 它包含配置指令，來(lái)指示服務(wù)器

#請(qǐng)參考 http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0 了解關(guān)于指令的詳細(xì)信息

# do not simply read the instructions in here without understanding

# what they do.  they're here only as hints or reminders.  if you are unsure

# consult the online docs. you have been warned. 

#不要僅僅是閱讀本指令，而應(yīng)該理解指令做了什么。在這里僅起提示的作用。

#如果你不清楚請(qǐng)參閱在線文檔。特別提示

# the configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections:

#配置文件批令分為三個(gè)基本組

#  1. directives that control the operation of the apache server process as a

#     whole (the 'global environment').

#  1. 控制apache server的全局操作的指令(全局環(huán)境變量).

#  2. directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server,

#     which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host.

#     these directives also provide default values for the settings

#     of all virtual hosts.

#  2.配置主服務(wù)或者默認(rèn)服務(wù)的指令，它針對(duì)那些被虛擬主機(jī)以外的請(qǐng)求作出響應(yīng).

#    它也包含虛擬主機(jī)的一些默認(rèn)參數(shù)

#  3. settings for virtual hosts, which allow web requests to be sent to

#     different ip addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the

#     same apache server process.

#  3. 虛擬主機(jī)設(shè)置，這使得發(fā)往不同的ip或者主機(jī)名的請(qǐng)求可以被子同一個(gè)apache服務(wù)#     器處理

# configuration and logfile names: if the filenames you specify for many

# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for win32), the

# server will use that explicit path.  if the filenames do *not* begin

# with "/", the value of serverroot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"

# with serverroot set to "c:/program files/apache group/apache2" will be interpreted by the

# server as "c:/program files/apache group/apache2/logs/foo.log".

#配置和日志文件名：如果你所指定的文件名以”/”（在win32中以盤符：/）開頭，服務(wù)器將以絕對(duì)路徑來(lái)處理。如果不以”/”開頭，則以相對(duì)于serverroot不解釋，所以對(duì)于logs/foo.log來(lái)講，當(dāng)serverroot為"c:/program files/apache group/apache2”時(shí)，則指的是

c:/program files/apache group/apache2/logs/foo.log文件

# note: where filenames are specified, you must use forward slashes

# instead of backslashes (e.g., "c:/apache" instead of "c:/apache").

注意，在文件名的定義中，必須用正斜杠，而不是反斜杠，如c:/apache而不是c:/apache

# if a drive letter is omitted, the drive on which apache.exe is located

# will be used by default.  it is recommended that you always supply

# an explicit drive letter in absolute paths, however, to avoid

# confusion.

#如果省略了盤符，則以apache.exe所在的盤符為默認(rèn)值

建議在絕對(duì)路徑中永遠(yuǎn)使用顯式的盤符，這樣有助于消除誤解

### section 1: global environment

#第一部分全局環(huán)境

#

# the directives in this section affect the overall operation of apache,

# such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it

# can find its configuration files.

#本部分的指令將影響整個(gè)apache服務(wù)器，例如它所能處理的并發(fā)請(qǐng)求數(shù)或者它在哪里能夠找到其配置文件

#

# serverroot: the top of the directory tree under which the server's

# configuration, error, and log files are kept.

# serverroot: 服務(wù)器的配置，錯(cuò)誤和日志文件的根目錄

# note!  if you intend to place this on an nfs (or otherwise network)

# mounted filesystem then please read the lockfile documentation (available

# at <url:http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0/mod/mpm_common.html#lockfile>);

# you will save yourself a lot of trouble.

#注意：如果將其保存到nfs上或者網(wǎng)絡(luò)上mounted的文件系統(tǒng)上，然后應(yīng)該閱讀lockfile文檔，http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0/mod/mpm_common.html#lockfile，將能解決你的很多麻煩.

# do not add a slash at the end of the directory path.

#不要在目錄的末尾加上斜杠

serverroot "c:/program files/apache group/apache2"

serverroot:根目錄

#

# scoreboardfile: file used to store internal server process information.

# if unspecified (the default), the scoreboard will be stored in an

# anonymous shared memory segment, and will be unavailable to third-party

# applications.

scoreboardfile: 保存服務(wù)器內(nèi)部的處理信息

如果未定議(默認(rèn)狀態(tài))，scoreboard將被保存在匿名的共享內(nèi)存段中，并且對(duì)于第三方來(lái)講，是不可獲得的

# if specified, ensure that no two invocations of apache share the same

# scoreboard file. the scoreboard file must be stored on a local disk.

#如果已定義，應(yīng)確保apache的兩個(gè)調(diào)用不能共享同一個(gè)scoreboard. scoreboard文件必須存放在可分配的磁盤上

#scoreboardfile logs/apache_runtime_status

#

# pidfile: the file in which the server should record its process

# identification number when it starts.

#pidfile:當(dāng)服務(wù)器起努時(shí)，服務(wù)器需要將其進(jìn)程id號(hào)存放在此文件中

pidfile logs/httpd.pid

#

# timeout: the number of seconds before receives and sends time out.

#timeout:接收和發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)的超時(shí)設(shè)置，秒數(shù)

timeout 300

#

# keepalive: whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than

# one request per connection). set to "off" to deactivate.

#keepalive: 是否支持持久聯(lián)接（而不是每個(gè)請(qǐng)求建一個(gè)連接）,設(shè)off關(guān)閉此功能

keepalive on

#

# maxkeepaliverequests: the maximum number of requests to allow

# during a persistent connection. set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount.

# we recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance.

#maxkeepaliverequests:在持久連接期間，所允許的最大請(qǐng)求數(shù)量。設(shè)為0表示不作限制

建議設(shè)為較高的數(shù)，以提高性能

maxkeepaliverequests 100

#

# keepalivetimeout: number of seconds to wait for the next request from the

# same client on the same connection.

#keepalivetimeout:在同一個(gè)客戶連接中，等待下一個(gè)請(qǐng)求的等待時(shí)間。

keepalivetimeout 15

##

## server-pool size regulation (mpm specific)

## 常規(guī)server-pool服務(wù)器池的大小(每分鐘m數(shù))

# winnt mpm winnt 的mpm

# threadsperchild: constant number of worker threads in the server process

threadperchild:服務(wù)器進(jìn)程中工作的線程數(shù)量

# maxrequestsperchild: maximum  number of requests a server process serves

每個(gè)服務(wù)進(jìn)程的最大請(qǐng)求數(shù)

<ifmodule mpm_winnt.c>

threadsperchild 250

maxrequestsperchild  0

</ifmodule>

#

# listen: allows you to bind apache to specific ip addresses and/or

# ports, instead of the default. see also the <virtualhost>

# directive.

#listen:允許你將apache綁定到指定的ip地址或端口，而不是默認(rèn)端口，請(qǐng)同時(shí)參考<virtualhost>指令

# change this to listen on specific ip addresses as shown below to

# prevent apache from glomming onto all bound ip addresses (0.0.0.0)

#像下面那樣指定偵聽的ip地址，防止apache搶占所有綁定的ip地址

#listen 12.34.56.78:80

listen 80

#

# dynamic shared object (dso) support

#動(dòng)態(tài)共享對(duì)象支持dso

# to be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a dso you

# have to place corresponding `loadmodule' lines at this location so the

# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.

# statically compiled modules (those listed by `httpd -l') do not need

# to be loaded here.

#為了能夠使用模塊功能，模塊通常以dso的方式構(gòu)建，你應(yīng)該在下面使用loadmodule行，使得能夠在使用前獲得指令的功能。靜態(tài)編譯模塊（在httpd-1中所列舉的）不需要在此裝載

# example:

# loadmodule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so

#

loadmodule access_module modules/mod_access.so

loadmodule actions_module modules/mod_actions.so

loadmodule alias_module modules/mod_alias.so

loadmodule asis_module modules/mod_asis.so

loadmodule auth_module modules/mod_auth.so

#loadmodule auth_anon_module modules/mod_auth_anon.so

#loadmodule auth_dbm_module modules/mod_auth_dbm.so

#loadmodule auth_digest_module modules/mod_auth_digest.so

loadmodule autoindex_module modules/mod_autoindex.so

#loadmodule cern_meta_module modules/mod_cern_meta.so

loadmodule cgi_module modules/mod_cgi.so

#loadmodule dav_module modules/mod_dav.so

#loadmodule dav_fs_module modules/mod_dav_fs.so

loadmodule dir_module modules/mod_dir.so

loadmodule env_module modules/mod_env.so

#loadmodule expires_module modules/mod_expires.so

#loadmodule file_cache_module modules/mod_file_cache.so

#loadmodule headers_module modules/mod_headers.so

loadmodule imap_module modules/mod_imap.so

loadmodule include_module modules/mod_include.so

#loadmodule info_module modules/mod_info.so

loadmodule isapi_module modules/mod_isapi.so

loadmodule log_config_module modules/mod_log_config.so

loadmodule mime_module modules/mod_mime.so

#loadmodule mime_magic_module modules/mod_mime_magic.so

#loadmodule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so

#loadmodule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so

#loadmodule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so

#loadmodule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so

loadmodule negotiation_module modules/mod_negotiation.so

#loadmodule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so

loadmodule setenvif_module modules/mod_setenvif.so

#loadmodule speling_module modules/mod_speling.so

#loadmodule status_module modules/mod_status.so

#loadmodule unique_id_module modules/mod_unique_id.so

loadmodule userdir_module modules/mod_userdir.so

#loadmodule usertrack_module modules/mod_usertrack.so

#loadmodule vhost_alias_module modules/mod_vhost_alias.so

#loadmodule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so

#

# extendedstatus controls whether apache will generate "full" status

# information (extendedstatus on) or just basic information (extendedstatus

# off) when the "server-status" handler is called. the default is off.

#擴(kuò)展?fàn)顟B(tài)控制apache是否產(chǎn)生完整的狀態(tài)信息（設(shè)為on產(chǎn)生全部），如果設(shè)為off則產(chǎn)生基本的信息，當(dāng)與server-status頭有關(guān)，默認(rèn)值為off

#extendedstatus on

### section 2: 'main' server configuration

#第二部分：主服務(wù)配置

# the directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'

# server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a

# <virtualhost> definition.  these values also provide defaults for

# any <virtualhost> containers you may define later in the file.

#本節(jié)中指令的設(shè)置值，將被主服務(wù)所使用，主服務(wù)響應(yīng)那些沒(méi)有被<virtualhost>所處理的請(qǐng)求，這些值也為<virtualhost>容器提供了默認(rèn)值，你可以在后面的文件中定義

# all of these directives may appear inside <virtualhost> containers,

# in which case these default settings will be overridden for the

# virtual host being defined.

所有這些指令將出現(xiàn)在<virtualhost>容器中，這些設(shè)定值將在定義virtual host時(shí)被覆寫。

#

#

# serveradmin: your address, where problems with the server should be

# e-mailed.  this address appears on some server-generated pages, such

# as error documents.  e.g. [email protected]

# serveradmin：你的地址，當(dāng)系統(tǒng)故障時(shí)，可以給你發(fā)email。此地址出現(xiàn)在那些由服務(wù)器生成的頁(yè)面上，如出錯(cuò)文檔。例如：[email protected]

serveradmin [email protected]

#

# servername gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself.

# this can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify

# it explicitly to prevent problems during startup.

#servernaem定義了server名稱和端口號(hào)，用以標(biāo)明自己的身份。通常可以自動(dòng)定義，建議顯式地定義，避免起動(dòng)時(shí)出錯(cuò)

# if this is not set to valid dns name for your host, server-generated

# redirections will not work.  see also the usecanonicalname directive.

#如果沒(méi)有正確定義主機(jī)的dns,服務(wù)器產(chǎn)生的重定向?qū)⒉粫?huì)工作，同時(shí)參考usecanonicalname指令。

# if your host doesn't have a registered dns name, enter its ip address here.

# you will have to access it by its address anyway, and this will make

# redirections work in a sensible way.

#如果你沒(méi)有注冊(cè)dns名字，請(qǐng)?jiān)谶@里輸入ip地址。

你可以在任何情況下使用ip地址，這也使用得重定向變得敏感

servername www.moers.com:80

#

# usecanonicalname: determines how apache constructs self-referencing

# urls and the server_name and server_port variables.

# when set "off", apache will use the hostname and port supplied

# by the client.  when set "on", apache will use the value of the

# servername directive.

#usecanonicalname:決定apaceh如何構(gòu)建自定參考url,和server_name及server_port變量

當(dāng)設(shè)為off時(shí)，apache將使用客戶端給出的域名和端口。當(dāng)設(shè)為on時(shí)，apache將使用servername指令

usecanonicalname off

#

# documentroot: the directory out of which you will serve your

# documents. by default, all requests are taken from this directory, but

# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.

#documentroot:服務(wù)器文檔放置目錄。在默認(rèn)情形下，所有的請(qǐng)求都從這里開始，除了記號(hào)和別名將改指它處以外。

documentroot "c:/program files/apache group/apache2/htdocs"

#

# each directory to which apache has access can be configured with respect

# to which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in that

# directory (and its subdirectories).

#每個(gè)可供apache訪問(wèn)的目錄，可以配置成允許或禁止哪些服務(wù)和特征（包括其子目錄）

# first, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set of

# features. 

#首先，我們定義一個(gè)默認(rèn)的非常嚴(yán)格的配置

<directory />

    options followsymlinks

    allowoverride none

</directory>

#

# note that from this point forward you must specifically allow

# particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as

# you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it

# below.

#注意，從這一點(diǎn)往前，你必須許可某些特殊的功能，所以如果某些功能未能如你所愿，要確保你在在下述中啟用了該功能。

#

# this should be changed to whatever you set documentroot to.

# 這將改變你對(duì)documentroot的設(shè)置

<directory "c:/program files/apache group/apache2/htdocs">

#

# possible values for the options directive are "none", "all",

# or any combination of:

可能的值為none,all或者任意組合

#   indexes includes followsymlinks symlinksifownermatch execcgi multiviews

# 索引包括followsymlinks symlinksifownermatch execcgi multiviews

# note that "multiviews" must be named *explicitly* --- "options all"

# doesn't give it to you.

#注意multiviews被顯式地options all,

# the options directive is both complicated and important.  please see

# http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0/mod/core.html#options

# for more information.

#選項(xiàng)指令既復(fù)雜又重要，請(qǐng)參閱http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0/mod/core.html#options了解詳情

    options indexes followsymlinks

#

# allowoverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.

# it can be "all", "none", or any combination of the keywords:

#   options fileinfo authconfig limit

#allowoverride 控制什么指令能夠加入到.htaccess中，可以是all,none,或者組合關(guān)鍵字

    allowoverride none

#

# controls who can get stuff from this server.

#控制誰(shuí)可以可以訪問(wèn)此服務(wù)

    order allow,deny

    allow from all

</directory>

#

# userdir: the name of the directory that is appended onto a user's home

# directory if a ~user request is received.  be especially careful to use

# proper, forward slashes here.  on windows nt, "personal/my website"

# is a more appropriate choice.

# userdir: 用戶的home的名稱，當(dāng)接到到~user的請(qǐng)求時(shí)。

請(qǐng)小心正確使用”/”. 在winnt上，”personal/my website”是更合適的選擇

userdir "my documents/my website"

#

# control access to userdir directories.  the following is an example

# for a site where these directories are restricted to read-only.

#控制userdir目錄，以下是一個(gè)例子，這個(gè)目錄是只讀的

# you must correct the path for the root to match your system's configured

# user directory location, e.g. "c:/winnt/profiles/*/my documents/my website"

# or whichever, as appropriate.

#你必須更正root目錄，與系統(tǒng)設(shè)置相配，如用戶目錄是c:/winnt/profiles/*/my documents/my website或者其它合適的

#<directory "c:/documents and settings/*/my documents/my website">

#    allowoverride fileinfo authconfig limit

#    options multiviews indexes symlinksifownermatch includesnoexec

#    <limit get post options propfind>

#        order allow,deny

#        allow from all

#    </limit>

#    <limitexcept get post options propfind>

#        order deny,allow

#        deny from all

#    </limitexcept>

#</directory>

#

# directoryindex: sets the file that apache will serve if a directory

# is requested.

#directoryindex: apache服務(wù)器將要以一個(gè)目錄的形式響應(yīng)服務(wù)

# the index.html.var file (a type-map) is used to deliver content-

# negotiated documents.  the multiviews option can be used for the

# same purpose, but it is much slower.

#index.html變量文件（一種映射）將直接傳送內(nèi)容。multiviews選項(xiàng)可以用于同樣的目的，但是要慢得多

directoryindex index.html index.html.var

#

# accessfilename: the name of the file to look for in each directory

# for additional configuration directives.  see also the allowoverride

# directive.

#accessfilename: 用來(lái)查找各個(gè)目錄下額外的配置指令的配置文件名，同時(shí)參考allowoverride(允許重載)指令

#acce

accessfilename .htaccess

#

# the following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being

# viewed by web clients.

#下面兩行，阻址web客戶端訪問(wèn) .htaccess和htpasswd(訪問(wèn)設(shè)定和密碼)的文件

#

<files ~ "^/.ht">

    order allow,deny

    deny from all

</files>

#

# typesconfig describes where the mime.types file (or equivalent) is

# to be found.

# typesconfig，描述在何處找到mime型別

typesconfig conf/mime.types

#

# defaulttype is the default mime type the server will use for a document

# if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions.

如果服務(wù)器不能確定文檔的型別，將使用默認(rèn)的mime型別,例如根據(jù)擴(kuò)展名

# if your server contains mostly text or html documents, "text/plain" is

# a good value.  if most of your content is binary, such as applications

# or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead to

# keep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they are

# text.

#如果你的服務(wù)器主要包括text/html文檔，”text/plain”就是一個(gè)好的取值。如果你的大多數(shù)內(nèi)容是binary(二進(jìn)制)的，如應(yīng)用程序或圖片，你可能希望使用application/octet-stream，使得瀏覽器試圖顯示二進(jìn)制數(shù)據(jù)，盡管它們是文本

defaulttype text/plain

#

# the mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from the

# contents of the file itself to determine its type.  the mimemagicfile

# directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located.

# mod_mime_magic模塊，允許服務(wù)器根據(jù)內(nèi)容提示來(lái)識(shí)別文件型別。mimemagicfile指令告知模塊“內(nèi)容提示”應(yīng)到何處找。

<ifmodule mod_mime_magic.c>

    mimemagicfile conf/magic

</ifmodule>

#

# hostnamelookups: log the names of clients or just their ip addresses

# e.g., www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off).

# the default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if people

# had to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means that

# each client request will result in at least one lookup request to the

# nameserver.

hostnamelookups: 客戶日志或者僅其ip地址，如www.apache.org(on) 或者204.62.129.132

(off).默認(rèn)為值設(shè)為off比較好，如果希望將此置為on將意味著第一次客戶請(qǐng)求都至少要查詢一次nameserver.

#

hostnamelookups off

#

# enablemmap: control whether memory-mapping is used to deliver

# files (assuming that the underlying os supports it).

# the default is on; turn this off if you serve from nfs-mounted

# filesystems.  on some systems, turning it off (regardless of

# filesystem) can improve performance; for details, please see

# http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0/mod/core.html#enablemmap

# enablemmap: 控制是否通過(guò)內(nèi)存映射的方式傳送文件(須得操作系統(tǒng)支持)

默認(rèn)值為on; 如果你使用nsf加載的文件系統(tǒng)（通常在linux下）,應(yīng)置為off. 在某些系統(tǒng)上，置off,不管使用什么文件系統(tǒng)，能夠提高效率，詳細(xì)情況，請(qǐng)參閱文檔

#enablemmap off

#

# enablesendfile: control whether the sendfile kernel support is

# used  to deliver files (assuming that the os supports it).

# the default is on; turn this off if you serve from nfs-mounted

# filesystems.  please see

# http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0/mod/core.html#enablesendfile

# enablesendfile: 控制內(nèi)核傳送文件是否支持（需要os支持）。默認(rèn)為on,如果使用nfs,則使用off

#enablesendfile off

#

# errorlog: the location of the error log file.

# if you do not specify an errorlog directive within a <virtualhost>

# container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be

# logged here.  if you *do* define an error logfile for a <virtualhost>

# container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.

#errorlog: 出錯(cuò)日志文件

如果你想為虛擬主機(jī)定義errorlog指令，則該虛擬主機(jī)的錯(cuò)誤信息將被記錄到這里

errorlog logs/error.log

#

# loglevel: control the number of messages logged to the error.log.

# possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,

# alert, emerg.

# loglever: 日志等級(jí)，（與log4j相似，譯者注），決定哪些級(jí)別的出錯(cuò)信息將被記錄，如debug,info,notice,warn,error, crit，alert,emerg等，在設(shè)定級(jí)別以上的信息就會(huì)被記錄(譯者注).

loglevel warn

#

# the following directives define some format nicknames for use with

# a customlog directive (see below).

# 日志格式(與log4j相似)

logformat "%h %l %u %t /"%r/" %>s %b /"%{referer}i/" /"%{user-agent}i/"" combined

logformat "%h %l %u %t /"%r/" %>s %b" common

logformat "%{referer}i -> %u" referer

logformat "%{user-agent}i" agent

# you need to enable mod_logio.c to use %i and %o

#logformat "%h %l %u %t /"%r/" %>s %b /"%{referer}i/" /"%{user-agent}i/" %i %o" combinedio