前言
在應用 BUG或者 DBA誤操作的情況下,會發生對全表進行更新:update delete 的情況。MySQL提供 sql_safe_updates 來限制次操作。
| set sql_safe_updates = 1; |
設置之后,會限制update delete 中不帶 where 條件的SQL 執行,較嚴格。會對已有線上環境帶來不利影響。對新系統、應用做嚴格審核,可以確保不會發生全表更新的問題。
| CREATE TABLE working.test01 (id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,NAME VARCHAR(20),age INT,gmt_created DATETIME,PRIMARY KEY(id)); insert into test01(name,age,gmt_created) values('xiaowang',2,now()); insert into test01(name,age,gmt_created) values('huahua',5,now()); insert into test01(name,age,gmt_created) values('gougou',9,now()); insert into test01(name,age,gmt_created) values('heihei',12,now()); insert into test01(name,age,gmt_created) values('baibai',134,now()); # 過濾字段上沒有索引updateupdate test01 set name = 'xiaoxiao' where age = 2 ;ERROR 1175 (HY000): You are using safe update mode and you tried to update a table without a WHERE that uses a KEY column# 全表更新update test01 set name = 'xiaoxiao';ERROR 1175 (HY000): You are using safe update mode and you tried to update a table without a WHERE that uses a KEY column# 加入limit的更新update test01 set name = 'xia' limit 1;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0# 新增索引create index idx_age on test01(age);update test01 set name = 'xiaoxiao' where age = 2;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0update test01 set name = 'hhh' where age = 9 limit 10;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0alter table test01 drop index idx_age;create index idx_age_name on test01(age,name);update test01 set age= 100 where name = 'hhh';ERROR 1175 (HY000): You are using safe update mode and you tried to update a table without a WHERE that uses a KEY columnupdate test01 set age= 100 where name = 'hhh' limit 10;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 |
由此,update 時,在沒有 where 條件或者where 后不是索引字段時,必須使用 limit ;在有 where 條件時,為索引字段
最近在工作中又發現了一個問題,mysql sql_safe_updates 不支持子查詢的更新。
考慮到開發人員有時候不小心誤更新數據,要求線上庫的 MySQL 實例都設置 sql_safe_updates=1 來避免沒有索引的 update、delete。
結果有一天開發發現下面的一個SQL 沒法正確執行:
| update t1 set col2=1 where key1 in (select col2 from t2 where key2='ABcD'); |
錯誤如下:
| ERROR 1175 (HY000): You are using safe update mode and you tried to update a table without a WHERE that uses a KEY column |
也就是說沒法對沒有走到索引的where條件進行更新。搜索了下發現,的確不行。及時 key1 和key2 分別是 t1、t2 的索引[我換成主鍵都不行] 。說明是不支持子查詢的update。
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