我們已經看到使用WHERE子句的SQL SELECT命令來從MySQL表獲取數據。但是,當我們試圖給的條件比較字段或列的值為NULL,它不能正常工作。
為了處理這種情況,MySQL提供了三大運算符
涉及NULL條件是特殊的。不能使用 =NULL 或 !=NULL 尋找NULL值的列。這種比較總是告訴他們是否是真正的失敗,因為這是不可能的。即使是NULL=NULL失敗。
如果要查找是或不是NULL的列,請使用IS NULL或IS NOT NULL。
在命令提示符下使用NULL值:
假設一個表tcount_tbl,它包含了兩個的列stutorial_author和tutorial_count,其中一個tutorial_count為NULL 表示的值是未知的
例子:
試試下面的例子:
| root@host# mysql -u root -p password;Enter password:*******mysql> use TUTORIALS;Database changedmysql> create table tcount_tbl -> ( -> tutorial_author varchar(40) NOT NULL, -> tutorial_count INT -> );Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)mysql> INSERT INTO tcount_tbl -> (tutorial_author, tutorial_count) values ('mahran', 20);mysql> INSERT INTO tcount_tbl -> (tutorial_author, tutorial_count) values ('mahnaz', NULL);mysql> INSERT INTO tcount_tbl -> (tutorial_author, tutorial_count) values ('Jen', NULL);mysql> INSERT INTO tcount_tbl -> (tutorial_author, tutorial_count) values ('Gill', 20);mysql> SELECT * from tcount_tbl;+-----------------+----------------+| tutorial_author | tutorial_count |+-----------------+----------------+| mahran | 20 || mahnaz | NULL || Jen | NULL || Gill | 20 |+-----------------+----------------+4 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> |
可以看到=和!=不使用NULL值,如下所示:
| mysql> SELECT * FROM tcount_tbl WHERE tutorial_count = NULL;Empty set (0.00 sec)mysql> SELECT * FROM tcount_tbl WHERE tutorial_count != NULL;Empty set (0.01 sec) |
要找到,其中tutorial_count列是或不是NULL的記錄,查詢應該這樣寫:
| mysql> SELECT * FROM tcount_tbl -> WHERE tutorial_count IS NULL;+-----------------+----------------+| tutorial_author | tutorial_count |+-----------------+----------------+| mahnaz | NULL || Jen | NULL |+-----------------+----------------+2 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> SELECT * from tcount_tbl -> WHERE tutorial_count IS NOT NULL;+-----------------+----------------+| tutorial_author | tutorial_count |+-----------------+----------------+| mahran | 20 || Gill | 20 |+-----------------+----------------+2 rows in set (0.00 sec) |