巧用外部表訪問(wèn)警告日志文件或跟蹤文件

2024-07-21 02:43:12

字體：大中小

供稿：網(wǎng)友

從Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)9i開始，Oracle的外部表技術(shù)（Oracle External Tables）得到了極大的完善，通過(guò)外部表訪問(wèn)外部數(shù)據(jù)增強(qiáng)了Oracle和外部數(shù)據(jù)源進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)交互的能力，對(duì)于數(shù)據(jù)倉(cāng)庫(kù)和ETL來(lái)說(shuō)，這些增強(qiáng)都極大的方便了數(shù)據(jù)的訪問(wèn)。

對(duì)于數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理員（DBA）而言，在此前提下，可以很方便的使用外部表來(lái)訪問(wèn)警告日志文件或其它跟蹤文件.

下文中的示例將詳細(xì)說(shuō)明外部表的具體用途：

首先，我們需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建一個(gè)Directory：

[oracle@jumper oracle]$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - PRoduction on Sun Oct 15 21:42:28 2006Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.Connected to:Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.4.0 - ProductionWith the Partitioning optionJServer Release 9.2.0.4.0 - ProductionSQL> create or replace directory bdump 2 as '/opt/oracle/admin/eygle/bdump';Directory created.SQL> col DIRECTORY_PATH for a30SQL> col owner for a10SQL> select * from dba_directories;OWNER DIRECTORY_NAME DIRECTORY_PATH---------- ------- ----------------SYS BDUMP /opt/oracle/admin/eygle/bdump

然后需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建一個(gè)外部表:

SQL> create table alert_log ( text varchar2(400) )2 organization external (3 type oracle_loader4 default directory BDUMP5 access parameters (6 records delimited by newline7 nobadfile8 nodiscardfile9 nologfile10 )11 location('alert_eygle.log')12 )13 reject limit unlimited14 /Table created.

然后我們就可以通過(guò)外部表進(jìn)行查詢警告日志的內(nèi)容:

SQL> select * from alert_log where rownum < 51;TEXT---------------------------------------------------Mon Jun 26 12:00:24 2006Starting ORACLE instance (normal)Mon Jun 26 12:00:25 2006WARNING: EINVAL creating segment of size 0x0000000008c00000fix shm parameters in /etc/system or equivalentLICENSE_MAX_session = 0LICENSE_SESSIONS_WARNING = 0SCN scheme 2Using log_archive_dest parameter default valueLICENSE_MAX_USERS = 0SYS auditing is disabledStarting up ORACLE RDBMS Version: 9.2.0.4.0.System parameters with non-default values:processes = 150timed_statistics = TRUEshared_pool_size = 104857600large_pool_size = 0java_pool_size = 0control_files = /opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/control01.ctldb_block_size = 8192db_cache_size = 16777216db_cache_advice = ONcompatible = 9.2.0.0.0db_file_multiblock_read_count= 16fast_start_mttr_target = 300log_checkpoints_to_alert = TRUEundo_management = AUTOundo_tablespace = UNDOTBS1undo_retention = 10800remote_login_passWordfile= EXCLUSIVEdb_domain =instance_name = eyglejob_queue_processes = 10hash_join_enabled = TRUEbackground_dump_dest = /opt/oracle/admin/eygle/bdumpuser_dump_dest = /opt/oracle/admin/eygle/udumpcore_dump_dest = /opt/oracle/admin/eygle/cdumpsort_area_size = 524288db_name = eygleopen_cursors = 500star_transformation_enabled= FALSEquery_rewrite_enabled = FALSEpga_aggregate_target = 52428800aq_tm_processes = 0PMON started with pid=2DBW0 started with pid=3LGWR started with pid=4CKPT started with pid=5SMON started with pid=6RECO started with pid=750 rows selected.SQL>

假如需要查看數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中曾經(jīng)出現(xiàn)過(guò)的ORA-錯(cuò)誤，可以執(zhí)行下面的查詢:

SQL> select * from alert_log where text like 'ORA-%';TEXT-----------------------------------------------------ORA-1652: unable to extend temp segment by 128 in tablespace TEMPORA-1113 signalled during: alter database open...ORA-1113 signalled during: alter database datafile 3 online...ORA-09968: scumnt: unable to lock fileORA-1102 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE MOUNT...ORA-1507 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE CLOSE NORMAL...ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 3 - see DBWR trace fileORA-01110: data file 3: '/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/users01.dbf'ORA-27037: unable to obtain file statusORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 3 - see DBWR trace fileORA-01110: data file 3: '/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/users01.dbf'TEXT-----------------------------------------------------ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 4 - see DBWR trace fileORA-01110: data file 4: '/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/eygle01.dbf'ORA-27037: unable to obtain file statusORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 4 - see DBWR trace fileORA-01110: data file 4: '/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/eygle01.dbf'ORA-1109 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE CLOSE NORMAL...ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 4 - see DBWR trace fileORA-01110: data file 4: '/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/eygle01.dbf'ORA-27037: unable to obtain file statusORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 4 - see DBWR trace fileORA-01110: data file 4: '/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/eygle01.dbf'TEXT---------------------------------------------------ORA-1109 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE CLOSE NORMAL...ORA-1113 signalled during: alter database open...ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 4 - see DBWR trace fileORA-01110: data file 4: '/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/eygle01.dbf'ORA-27037: unable to obtain file statusORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 4 - see DBWR trace fileORA-01110: data file 4: '/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/eygle01.dbf'ORA-1113 signalled during: alter database open...ORA-1122 signalled during: alter database open...ORA-283 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER database ...ORA-1122 signalled during: alter database open...TEXT------------------------------------------------ORA-1109 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE CLOSE NORMAL...ORA-1113 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE OPEN...ORA-1109 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE CLOSE NORMAL...ORA-1122 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE OPEN...ORA-1503 signalled during: CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "EYGLE" NORESETL...ORA-1109 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE CLOSE NORMAL...ORA-1991 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE MOUNT...ORA-01110: data file 4: '/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/eygle01.dbf'ORA-01115: IO error reading block from file 4 (block # 1)ORA-27069: skgfdisp: attempt to do I/O beyond the range of the fileORA-01122: database file 1 failed verification checkTEXT----------------------------------------------------ORA-01110: data file 1: '/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/system01.dbf'ORA-01207: file is more recent than controlfile - old controlfileORA-1122 signalled during: alter database open...ORA-283 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER database using backup cont...ORA-01110: data file 4: '/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/eygle01.dbf'ORA-01115: IO error reading block from file 4 (block # 1)ORA-27069: skgfdisp: attempt to do I/O beyond the range of the fileORA-01194: file 1 needs more recovery to be consistentORA-01110: data file 1: '/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/system01.dbf'ORA-1194 signalled during: alter database open resetlogs...ORA-283 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER datafile 1 ...TEXT----------------------------------------------------ORA-283 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER database using backup cont...ORA-01110: data file 4: '/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/eygle01.dbf'ORA-01115: IO error reading block from file 4 (block # 1)ORA-27069: skgfdisp: attempt to do I/O beyond the range of the fileORA-01194: file 1 needs more recovery to be consistentORA-01110: data file 1: '/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/system01.dbf'ORA-1194 signalled during: alter database open resetlogs...ORA-283 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER datafile 1 ...ORA-1109 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE CLOSE NORMAL...ORA-1589 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE OPEN...ORA-01110: data file 4: '/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/eygle01.dbf'TEXT---------------------------------------------------ORA-01115: IO error reading block from file 4 (block # 1)ORA-27069: skgfdisp: attempt to do I/O beyond the range of the fileORA-01194: file 1 needs more recovery to be consistentORA-01110: data file 1: '/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/system01.dbf'ORA-1194 signalled during: alter database open resetlogs...ORA-1109 signalled during: alter database close...ORA-1503 signalled during: CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "EYGLE" NORESETL...ORA-1507 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE CLOSE NORMAL...ORA-1113 signalled during: alter database open...ORA-00202: controlfile: '/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/control01.ctl'ORA-27037: unable to obtain file statusTEXT------------------------------------------------ORA-205 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE MOUNT...ORA-1507 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE CLOSE NORMAL...ORA-01501: CREATE DATABASE failedORA-01526: error in opening file '?/rdbms/admin/sql.bsq'ORA-07391: sftopn: fopen errorORA-01526: error in opening file ''ORA-1092 signalled during: CREATE DATABASE eygleORA-1079 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE MOUNT...ORA-1507 signalled during: alter database open...ORA-214 signalled during: alter database mount...ORA-1507 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE CLOSE NORMAL...TEXT-----------------------------------------------ORA-214 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE MOUNT...ORA-214 signalled during: alter database mount...ORA-1113 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE OPEN...ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 3 - see DBWR trace fileORA-01110: data file 3: '/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/eygle02.dbf'ORA-27037: unable to obtain file statusORA-1113 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE OPEN...ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 3 - see DBWR trace fileORA-01110: data file 3: '/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/eygle02.dbf'ORA-27037: unable to obtain file statusORA-1113 signalled during: alter database open...TEXT------------------------------------------------------ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 3 - see DBWR trace fileORA-01110: data file 3: '/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/eygle02.dbf'ORA-27037: unable to obtain file statusORA-283 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER database ...ORA-1109 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE CLOSE NORMAL...ORA-1100 signalled during: alter database mount...ORA-1178 signalled during: alter database create datafile '/opt/oracle/produc...ORA-1516 signalled during: alter database create datafile '/opt/oracle/oradat...ORA-1991 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE MOUNT...ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 3 - see DBWR trace fileORA-01110: data file 3: '/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/eygle02.dbf'TEXT------------------------------------------------------ORA-27037: unable to obtain file statusORA-283 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER database ...ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 3 - see DBWR trace fileORA-01110: data file 3: '/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/eygle02.dbf'ORA-27037: unable to obtain file statusORA-283 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER database using backup cont...ORA-1109 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE CLOSE NORMAL...ORA-1991 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE MOUNT...ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 3 - see DBWR trace fileORA-01110: data file 3: '/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/users01.dbf'ORA-27037: unable to obtain file statusTEXT------------------------------------------------------ORA-283 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER database ...ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 3 - see DBWR trace fileORA-01110: data file 3: '/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/users01.dbf'ORA-27037: unable to obtain file statusORA-283 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER database using backup cont...ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 3 - see DBWR trace fileORA-01110: data file 3: '/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/users01.dbf'ORA-27037: unable to obtain file statusORA-283 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER database using backup cont...ORA-279 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER database using backup cont...ORA-308 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER CONTINUE DEFAULT ...TEXT-------------------------------------------------ORA-308 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER CONTINUE DEFAULT ...ORA-1547 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER CANCEL ...ORA-1589 signalled during: alter database open...ORA-1109 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE CLOSE NORMAL...ORA-1503 signalled during: CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "EYGLE" NORESETL...ORA-1178 signalled during: alter database create datafile '/opt/oracle/produc...ORA-1991 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE MOUNT...ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 3 - see DBWR trace fileORA-01110: data file 3: '/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/eygle02.dbf'ORA-27037: unable to obtain file statusORA-1157 signalled during: alter database open...TEXT--------------------------------------------------ORA-1113 signalled during: alter database open...ORA-1991 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE MOUNT...ORA-1109 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE CLOSE NORMAL...ORA-1031 signalled during: alter database open...ORA-3217 signalled during: ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP DEFAULT STORAGE (INITIAL 10M...ORA-1507 signalled during: alter database close...ORA-1507 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE CLOSE NORMAL...ORA-1507 signalled during: alter database close normal...ORA-1507 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE CLOSE NORMAL...ORA-1106 signalled during: alter database dismount...ORA-1531 signalled during: alter database open...TEXT-------------------------------------------------ORA-1531 signalled during: alter database open...ORA-1531 signalled during: alter database open...ORA-1531 signalled during: alter database open...ORA-1531 signalled during: alter database open...ORA-1109 signalled during: alter database close...ORA-1507 signalled during: alter database close...ORA-1507 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE CLOSE NORMAL...ORA-1185 signalled during: alter database add logfile group 6ORA-350 signalled during: alter database drop logfile group 3...163 rows selected.SQL>

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