在C#中應用Map&#079;bjects(渲染效果)

2024-07-21 02:19:07

字體：大中小

來源：轉載

供稿：網友

注冊會員，創建你的web開發資料庫，以前用mapx，里面有專題圖，挺好。經過幾天的試驗，我把mapobjects中的各種渲染效果（類似mapx專題圖，但不一樣）都試了試，下面附上源代碼，如果那位有不懂的地方請自己琢磨，哈哈…

代碼如下：

using system;

using system.drawing;

using system.collections;

using system.componentmodel;

using system.windows.forms;

using system.data;

namespace dbinmo

{

/// <summary>

/// form1 的摘要說明。

/// </summary>

public class 渲染示例 : system.windows.forms.form

{

private axmapobjects2.axmap map;

private system.windows.forms.button 直方圖;

private system.windows.forms.button 餅圖;

private system.windows.forms.button 點密度;

private system.windows.forms.button 按值渲染;

private system.windows.forms.button 分類渲染;

private system.windows.forms.button z值渲染;

private system.windows.forms.button 組渲染;

private system.windows.forms.button 退出;

private system.windows.forms.panel 操作板;

private system.windows.forms.button 刪除所有渲染;

private system.windows.forms.panel panel1;

private system.windows.forms.button 全圖;

private system.windows.forms.button 拖動;

private system.windows.forms.button 縮小;

private system.windows.forms.button 放大;

private system.windows.forms.panel 分隔符;

private system.windows.forms.button 標注渲染;

/// <summary>

/// 必需的設計器變量。

/// </summary>

private system.componentmodel.container components = null;

public 渲染示例()

{

//

// windows 窗體設計器支持所必需的

//

initializecomponent();

//

// todo: 在 initializecomponent 調用后添加任何構造函數代碼

//

}

/// <summary>

/// 清理所有正在使用的資源。

/// </summary>

protected override void dispose( bool disposing )

{

if( disposing )

{

if (components != null)

{

components.dispose();

}

}

base.dispose( disposing );

}

#region windows 窗體設計器生成的代碼

/// <summary>

/// 設計器支持所需的方法 - 不要使用代碼編輯器修改

/// 此方法的內容。

/// </summary>

private void initializecomponent()

{

system.resources.resourcemanager resources = new system.resources.resourcemanager(typeof(渲染示例));

this.map = new axmapobjects2.axmap();

this.操作板 = new system.windows.forms.panel();

this.直方圖 = new system.windows.forms.button();

this.餅圖 = new system.windows.forms.button();

this.點密度 = new system.windows.forms.button();

this.按值渲染 = new system.windows.forms.button();

this.分類渲染 = new system.windows.forms.button();

this.z值渲染 = new system.windows.forms.button();

this.組渲染 = new system.windows.forms.button();

this.退出 = new system.windows.forms.button();

this.標注渲染 = new system.windows.forms.button();

this.刪除所有渲染 = new system.windows.forms.button();

this.panel1 = new system.windows.forms.panel();

this.全圖 = new system.windows.forms.button();

this.拖動 = new system.windows.forms.button();

this.縮小 = new system.windows.forms.button();

this.放大 = new system.windows.forms.button();

this.分隔符 = new system.windows.forms.panel();

((system.componentmodel.isupportinitialize)(this.map)).begininit();

this.操作板.suspendlayout();

this.suspendlayout();

//

// map

//

this.map.dock = system.windows.forms.dockstyle.fill;

this.map.location = new system.drawing.point(0, 0);

this.map.name = "map";

this.map.ocxstate = ((system.windows.forms.axhost.state)(resources.getobject("map.ocxstate")));

this.map.size = new system.drawing.size(616, 429);

this.map.tabindex = 0;

this.map.mousedownevent += new axmapobjects2._dmapevents_mousedowneventhandler(this.map_mousedownevent);

//

// 操作板

//

this.操作板.borderstyle = system.windows.forms.borderstyle.fixed3d;

this.操作板.controls.add(this.刪除所有渲染);

this.操作板.controls.add(this.panel1);

this.操作板.controls.add(this.全圖);

this.操作板.controls.add(this.拖動);

this.操作板.controls.add(this.縮小);

this.操作板.controls.add(this.放大);

this.操作板.controls.add(this.分隔符);

this.操作板.controls.add(this.標注渲染);

this.操作板.controls.add(this.退出);

this.操作板.controls.add(this.組渲染);

this.操作板.controls.add(this.z值渲染);

this.操作板.controls.add(this.分類渲染);

this.操作板.controls.add(this.按值渲染);

this.操作板.controls.add(this.點密度);

this.操作板.controls.add(this.餅圖);

this.操作板.controls.add(this.直方圖);

this.操作板.dock = system.windows.forms.dockstyle.right;

this.操作板.location = new system.drawing.point(496, 0);

this.操作板.name = "操作板";

this.操作板.size = new system.drawing.size(120, 429);

this.操作板.tabindex = 1;

//

// 直方圖

//

this.直方圖.dock = system.windows.forms.dockstyle.top;

this.直方圖.location = new system.drawing.point(0, 0);

this.直方圖.name = "直方圖";

this.直方圖.size = new system.drawing.size(116, 24);

this.直方圖.tabindex = 0;

this.直方圖.text = "直方圖";

this.直方圖.click += new system.eventhandler(this.直方圖_click);

//

// 餅圖

//

this.餅圖.dock = system.windows.forms.dockstyle.top;

this.餅圖.location = new system.drawing.point(0, 24);

this.餅圖.name = "餅圖";

this.餅圖.size = new system.drawing.size(116, 24);

this.餅圖.tabindex = 1;

this.餅圖.text = "餅圖";

this.餅圖.click += new system.eventhandler(this.餅圖_click);

//

// 點密度

//

this.點密度.dock = system.windows.forms.dockstyle.top;

this.點密度.location = new system.drawing.point(0, 48);

this.點密度.name = "點密度";

this.點密度.size = new system.drawing.size(116, 23);

this.點密度.tabindex = 2;

this.點密度.text = "點密度";

this.點密度.click += new system.eventhandler(this.點密度_click);

//

// 按值渲染

//

this.按值渲染.dock = system.windows.forms.dockstyle.top;

this.按值渲染.location = new system.drawing.point(0, 71);

this.按值渲染.name = "按值渲染";

this.按值渲染.size = new system.drawing.size(116, 23);

this.按值渲染.tabindex = 3;

this.按值渲染.text = "按值渲染";

this.按值渲染.click += new system.eventhandler(this.按值渲染_click);

//

// 分類渲染

//

this.分類渲染.dock = system.windows.forms.dockstyle.top;

this.分類渲染.location = new system.drawing.point(0, 94);

this.分類渲染.name = "分類渲染";

this.分類渲染.size = new system.drawing.size(116, 23);

this.分類渲染.tabindex = 4;

this.分類渲染.text = "分類渲染";

this.分類渲染.click += new system.eventhandler(this.分類渲染_click);

//

// z值渲染

//

this.z值渲染.dock = system.windows.forms.dockstyle.top;

this.z值渲染.location = new system.drawing.point(0, 117);

this.z值渲染.name = "z值渲染";

this.z值渲染.size = new system.drawing.size(116, 23);

this.z值渲染.tabindex = 5;

this.z值渲染.text = "z值渲染";

this.z值渲染.click += new system.eventhandler(this.z值渲染_click);

//

// 組渲染

//

this.組渲染.dock = system.windows.forms.dockstyle.top;

this.組渲染.location = new system.drawing.point(0, 140);

this.組渲染.name = "組渲染";

this.組渲染.size = new system.drawing.size(116, 23);

this.組渲染.tabindex = 6;

this.組渲染.text = "組渲染";

this.組渲染.click += new system.eventhandler(this.組渲染_click);

//

// 退出

//

this.退出.dock = system.windows.forms.dockstyle.bottom;

this.退出.location = new system.drawing.point(0, 402);

this.退出.name = "退出";

this.退出.size = new system.drawing.size(116, 23);

this.退出.tabindex = 7;

this.退出.text = "退出";

this.退出.click += new system.eventhandler(this.退出_click);

//

// 標注渲染

//

this.標注渲染.dock = system.windows.forms.dockstyle.top;

this.標注渲染.location = new system.drawing.point(0, 163);

this.標注渲染.name = "標注渲染";

this.標注渲染.size = new system.drawing.size(116, 23);

this.標注渲染.tabindex = 7;

this.標注渲染.text = "標注渲染";

this.標注渲染.click += new system.eventhandler(this.標注渲染_click);

//

// 刪除所有渲染

//

this.刪除所有渲染.dock = system.windows.forms.dockstyle.top;

this.刪除所有渲染.location = new system.drawing.point(0, 319);

this.刪除所有渲染.name = "刪除所有渲染";

this.刪除所有渲染.size = new system.drawing.size(116, 23);

this.刪除所有渲染.tabindex = 22;

this.刪除所有渲染.text = "刪除所有渲染";

this.刪除所有渲染.click += new system.eventhandler(this.刪除所有渲染_click);

//

// panel1

//

this.panel1.dock = system.windows.forms.dockstyle.top;

this.panel1.location = new system.drawing.point(0, 299);

this.panel1.name = "panel1";

this.panel1.size = new system.drawing.size(116, 20);

this.panel1.tabindex = 21;

//

// 全圖

//

this.全圖.dock = system.windows.forms.dockstyle.top;

this.全圖.location = new system.drawing.point(0, 276);

this.全圖.name = "全圖";

this.全圖.size = new system.drawing.size(116, 23);

this.全圖.tabindex = 20;

this.全圖.text = "全圖";

this.全圖.click += new system.eventhandler(this.全圖_click);

//

// 拖動

//

this.拖動.dock = system.windows.forms.dockstyle.top;

this.拖動.location = new system.drawing.point(0, 253);

this.拖動.name = "拖動";

this.拖動.size = new system.drawing.size(116, 23);

this.拖動.tabindex = 19;

this.拖動.text = "拖動";

this.拖動.click += new system.eventhandler(this.拖動_click);

//

// 縮小

//

this.縮小.dock = system.windows.forms.dockstyle.top;

this.縮小.location = new system.drawing.point(0, 230);

this.縮小.name = "縮小";

this.縮小.size = new system.drawing.size(116, 23);

this.縮小.tabindex = 18;

this.縮小.text = "縮小";

this.縮小.click += new system.eventhandler(this.縮小_click);

//

// 放大

//

this.放大.dock = system.windows.forms.dockstyle.top;

this.放大.location = new system.drawing.point(0, 207);

this.放大.name = "放大";

this.放大.size = new system.drawing.size(116, 23);

this.放大.tabindex = 17;

this.放大.text = "放大";

this.放大.click += new system.eventhandler(this.放大_click);

//

// 分隔符

//

this.分隔符.dock = system.windows.forms.dockstyle.top;

this.分隔符.location = new system.drawing.point(0, 186);

this.分隔符.name = "分隔符";

this.分隔符.size = new system.drawing.size(116, 21);

this.分隔符.tabindex = 16;

//

// 渲染示例

//

this.autoscalebasesize = new system.drawing.size(6, 14);

this.clientsize = new system.drawing.size(616, 429);

this.controls.add(this.操作板);

this.controls.add(this.map);

this.name = "渲染示例";

this.text = "渲染示例";

this.windowstate = system.windows.forms.formwindowstate.maximized;

((system.componentmodel.isupportinitialize)(this.map)).endinit();

this.操作板.resumelayout(false);

this.resumelayout(false);

}

#endregion

/// <summary>

/// 應用程序的主入口點。

/// </summary>

[stathread]

static void main()

{

application.run(new 渲染示例());

}

/// <summary>

/// 退出系統

/// </summary>

private void 退出_click(object sender, system.eventargs e)

{

this.close();

}

/// <summary>

/// 圖表渲染，值方圖

/// </summary>

private void 直方圖_click(object sender, system.eventargs e)

{

//直方圖的例子中使用lakers圖層

//

//定義圖標渲染變量

mapobjects2.chartrenderer cr = new mapobjects2.chartrendererclass();

//設置渲染類型為直方圖

cr.charttype = mapobjects2.charttypeconstants.mobar;

//設置直方圖顯示的字段個數為兩個，就是直方圖顯示兩個柱子

cr.fieldcount = 2;

//設置第一個字段，請參看lakes.dbf

cr.set_field(0,"surf_elev");

//設置這個直方圖的柱子顏色為紅色

cr.set_color(0,(uint)mapobjects2.colorconstants.mored);

//設置第二個柱子

cr.set_field(1,"depth");

cr.set_color(1,(uint)mapobjects2.colorconstants.mogreen);

mapobjects2.maplayer lyr = (mapobjects2.maplayer)(map.layers.item("lakes"));

lyr.renderer = cr;

//使用refresh()刷新老也是刷新不好，正沒辦法。。。，設為全圖倒是不錯的注意，^_^

map.refresh();

}

/// <summary>

/// 全圖視野

/// </summary>

private void 全圖_click(object sender, system.eventargs e)

{

map.extent = map.fullextent;

}

/// <summary>

/// 拖動，只設置圖標

/// </summary>

private void 拖動_click(object sender, system.eventargs e)

{

map.mousepointer = mapobjects2.mousepointerconstants.mopan;

}

/// <summary>

/// 縮小，只設置圖標

/// </summary>

private void 縮小_click(object sender, system.eventargs e)

{

map.mousepointer = mapobjects2.mousepointerconstants.mozoomout;

}

/// <summary>

/// 放大，只設置圖標

/// </summary>

private void 放大_click(object sender, system.eventargs e)

{

map.mousepointer = mapobjects2.mousepointerconstants.mozoomin;

}

/// <summary>

/// 鼠標按下時間，處理地圖放大、縮小、拖動等。

/// </summary>

private void map_mousedownevent(object sender, axmapobjects2._dmapevents_mousedownevent e)

{

mapobjects2.rectangle rect;

mapobjects2.point pt = map.tomappoint(e.x,e.y);

if(e.button == 2)//右鍵點擊取消

{

map.mousepointer = mapobjects2.mousepointerconstants.modefault;

}

if(map.mousepointer == mapobjects2.mousepointerconstants.mopan)//拖動

{

map.pan();

}

else if(map.mousepointer == mapobjects2.mousepointerconstants.mozoomin)//放大

{

rect = map.trackrectangle();

if(rect == null|| (rect.width < 0.00005) || (rect.height < 0.00005))

{

rect = map.extent;

rect.scalerectangle(0.6667);

rect.offset(-(rect.center.x - pt.x),-(rect.center.y - pt.y));

}

map.extent = rect;

}

else if(map.mousepointer == mapobjects2.mousepointerconstants.mozoomout)//縮小

{

rect = map.trackrectangle();

if ((null == rect) || (rect.width < 0.00005) || (rect.height < 0.00005))

{

rect = map.extent;

rect.scalerectangle(1.5);

rect.offset(-(rect.center.x - pt.x),-(rect.center.y - pt.y));

}

else

{

double drate = map.extent.width / rect.width * 10;

rect.scalerectangle(drate);

}

map.extent = rect;

}

}

/// <summary>

/// 圖表渲染，使用餅圖

/// </summary>

private void 餅圖_click(object sender, system.eventargs e)

{

//餅圖的例子中使用lakers圖層

//過程和直方圖一樣

//

//定義圖標渲染變量

mapobjects2.chartrenderer cr = new mapobjects2.chartrendererclass();

//設置渲染類型為餅圖

cr.charttype = mapobjects2.charttypeconstants.mopie;

//設置餅圖顯示的字段個數為兩個，就是餅圖顯示兩半

cr.fieldcount = 2;

//設置第一個字段，請參看lakes.dbf

cr.set_field(0,"surf_elev");

//設置這個餅圖的一半顏色為紅色

cr.set_color(0,(uint)mapobjects2.colorconstants.mored);

//設置第二半

cr.set_field(1,"depth");

cr.set_color(1,(uint)mapobjects2.colorconstants.mogreen);

//添加到地圖上

mapobjects2.maplayer lyr = (mapobjects2.maplayer)(map.layers.item("lakes"));

lyr.renderer = cr;

//刷新

map.refresh();

}

/// <summary>

/// 點密度渲染

/// </summary>

private void 點密度_click(object sender, system.eventargs e)

{

//點密度的例子中使用lakes圖層

//

//定義點密度渲染變量

mapobjects2.dotdensityrenderer ddr = new mapobjects2.dotdensityrendererclass();

//設置渲染的數據字段，請參看lakes.dbf

ddr.field = "depth";

//點大小

ddr.dotsize = 3;

//點顏色

ddr.dotcolor = (uint)mapobjects2.colorconstants.moblue;

ddr.dotvalue = 1;

ddr.drawbackground = true;

//添加到地圖上

mapobjects2.maplayer lyr = (mapobjects2.maplayer)(map.layers.item("lakes"));

lyr.renderer = ddr;

//刷新

map.refresh();

}

/// <summary>

/// 按值渲染

/// </summary>

private void 按值渲染_click(object sender, system.eventargs e)

{

//按值渲染的例子中使用country圖層，這里利用按值渲染，將每個國家用不同的顏色顯示

//

//字符串s變量，很像delphi中的tstringlist，^_^

mapobjects2.strings strs = new mapobjects2.stringsclass();

//圖層變量，引用country圖層

mapobjects2.maplayer lyr = (mapobjects2.maplayer)map.layers.item("country");

//recordset對象，我將在以后的文章中陸續講解關于mapobjects2.2中使用數據集變量的內容！！！

//使用方法大致與vb中對數據表的操作差不多。

mapobjects2.recordset rc = lyr.records;

//這個循環獲取所有國家的簡稱代碼列表

while(!rc.eof)

{

strs.add(rc.fields.item("fips_code").valueasstring);

rc.movenext();

}

//定義按值渲染對象

mapobjects2.valuemaprenderer vmr = new mapobjects2.valuemaprendererclass();

//將其添加到圖層

lyr.renderer = vmr;

//設置渲染使用的字段，請參看country.dbf文件

vmr.field = "fips_code";

//渲染的個數

vmr.valuecount = strs.count;

//缺省值

vmr.usedefault = true;

mapobjects2.symbol sym = vmr.defaultsymbol;

sym.color = (uint)mapobjects2.colorconstants.moyellow;//缺省顏色為黃色

//渲染過程

for(int i=0;i<vmr.valuecount;i++)

{

vmr.set_value((short)i,strs.item((short)i));

}

//刷新

map.refresh();

}

/// <summary>

/// 分類渲染

/// </summary>

private void 分類渲染_click(object sender, system.eventargs e)

{

//分類渲染的例子使用country圖層

//

//圖層變量引用cities層

mapobjects2.maplayer lyr = (mapobjects2.maplayer)(map.layers.item("cities"));

//定義分類渲染變量

mapobjects2.classbreaksrenderer cbr = new mapobjects2.classbreaksrendererclass();

//添加到地圖

lyr.renderer = cbr;

//設置符號類型為點，也可使用其他類型，請自己試驗，方法大概都差不多

cbr.symboltype = mapobjects2.symboltypeconstants.mopointsymbol;

//設置字段，請參看cities.dbf文件

cbr.field = "population";

//statistics對象經常配合分類渲染使用，他表示用一個recordset對象的calculatestatistics方法

// 對一個數值字段的統計計算結果

mapobjects2.statistics stat = lyr.records.calculatestatistics("population");

//mean——平均值，stddev——均方差

double fbv = stat.mean - (stat.stddev * 3);

for(int i=0;i<6;i++)

{

if((fbv >= stat.min)&&fbv <= stat.max)

{

//分類個數，依次加一

cbr.breakcount = (short)(cbr.breakcount + 1);

//設置分類

cbr.set_break((short)(cbr.breakcount - 1),fbv);

}

fbv += stat.stddev;

}

//sizesymbols方法制定頭尾的大小用來表現點特征大小漸進效果

cbr.sizesymbols(3,8);

//rampcolors方法設置顏色從白色到紅色的漸進顯示

cbr.rampcolors((uint)mapobjects2.colorconstants.mowhite,(uint)mapobjects2.colorconstants.mored);

//刷新

map.refresh();

}

/// <summary>

/// z值渲染

/// </summary>

private void z值渲染_click(object sender, system.eventargs e)

{

//本來想好好搞搞，可是我找不到帶有z值的地圖，哈哈，認了吧，下面給出基本的語句，有興趣的

//兄弟姐妹們可以自己試試

// mapobjects2.zrenderer zr = new mapobjects2.zrendererclass();

// //z值分成幾部分？

// zr.breakcount = 2;

// //設置各個部分的分界線

// zr.set_break(0,100);

// zr.set_break(1,1000);

// //設置特征類型

// zr.symboltype = mapobjects2.symboltypeconstants.mopointsymbol;

// mapobjects2.symbol sym;

// for(short i=0;i<zr.breakcount;i++)

// {

// //獲取特征

// sym = zr.get_symbol(i);

// //設置特征屬性，定義一個顏色數組，將不同特征設置不同顏色，效果會明顯些

// sym.color = (uint)mapobjects2.colorconstants.mored;

// sym.size = 6;

// sym.style = mapobjects2.markerstyleconstants.motrianglemarker;

// }

// //添加到地圖

// mapobjects2.maplayer lyr = (mapobjects2.maplayer)map.layers.item("帶有z值的圖層名稱");

// lyr.renderer = zr;

// //刷新

// map.refresh();

}

/// <summary>

/// 組渲染

/// </summary>

private void 組渲染_click(object sender, system.eventargs e)

{

//組渲染其實就是組合渲染，一般定義多個渲染方式，然后使用如下的語句進行組合

mapobjects2.maplayer lyr = (mapobjects2.maplayer)map.layers.item("country");

//標注渲染

mapobjects2.labelrenderer lr = new mapobjects2.labelrendererclass();

lr.field = "name";

lr.get_symbol(0).color = (uint)mapobjects2.colorconstants.moblack;

lr.get_symbol(0).font.size = 8;

//按值渲染

mapobjects2.strings strs = new mapobjects2.stringsclass();

mapobjects2.recordset rc = lyr.records;

while(!rc.eof)

{

strs.add(rc.fields.item("fips_code").valueasstring);

rc.movenext();

}

mapobjects2.valuemaprenderer vmr = new mapobjects2.valuemaprendererclass();

vmr.field = "fips_code";

vmr.valuecount = strs.count;

vmr.usedefault = true;

mapobjects2.symbol sym = vmr.defaultsymbol;

sym.color = (uint)mapobjects2.colorconstants.moyellow;

for(int i=0;i<vmr.valuecount;i++)

{

vmr.set_value((short)i,strs.item((short)i));

}

//將二者組合，添加到圖層

mapobjects2.grouprenderer gr = new mapobjects2.grouprendererclass();

gr.add(vmr);

gr.add(lr);

lyr.renderer = gr;

map.refresh();

}

/// <summary>

/// 刪除所有渲染

/// </summary>

private void 刪除所有渲染_click(object sender, system.eventargs e)

{

mapobjects2.maplayer lyr;

for(int i=0;i<map.layers.count;i++)

{

lyr = (mapobjects2.maplayer)map.layers.item(i);

lyr.renderer = new mapobjects2.labelrendererclass();

map.refresh();

}

}

/// <summary>

/// 標注渲染

/// </summary>

private void 標注渲染_click(object sender, system.eventargs e)

{

mapobjects2.maplayer lyr = (mapobjects2.maplayer)map.layers.item("cities");

mapobjects2.labelrenderer lr = new mapobjects2.labelrendererclass();

lr.field = "name";

lr.get_symbol(0).color = (uint)mapobjects2.colorconstants.moblack;

lr.get_symbol(0).font.size = 8;

lyr.renderer = lr;

map.refresh();

}

}

}

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