oracle的數(shù)據(jù)字典是數(shù)據(jù)庫的重要組成部分之一,它隨著數(shù)據(jù)庫的產(chǎn)生而產(chǎn)生, 隨著數(shù)據(jù)庫的變化而變化, 體現(xiàn)為sys用戶下的一些表和視圖。數(shù)據(jù)字典名稱是大寫的英文字符。 數(shù)據(jù)字典里存有用戶信息、用戶的權(quán)限信息、所有數(shù)據(jù)對象信息、表的約束條件、統(tǒng)計分析數(shù)據(jù)庫的視圖等。我們不能手工修改數(shù)據(jù)字典里的信息。 很多時候,一般的oracle用戶不知道如何有效地利用它。 dictionary 全部數(shù)據(jù)字典表的名稱和解釋,它有一個同義詞dict dict_column 全部數(shù)據(jù)字典表里字段名稱和解釋 如果我們想查詢跟索引有關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)字典時,可以用下面這條sql語句: sql>select * from dictionary where instr(comments,'index')>0; 如果我們想知道user_indexes表各字段名稱的詳細(xì)含義,可以用下面這條sql語句: sql>select column_name,comments from dict_columns where table_name='user_indexes'; 依此類推,就可以輕松知道數(shù)據(jù)字典的詳細(xì)名稱和解釋,不用查看oracle的其它文檔資料了。 下面按類別列出一些oracle用戶常用數(shù)據(jù)字典的查詢使用方法。 一、用戶 查看當(dāng)前用戶的缺省表空間 sql>select username,default_tablespace from user_users;查看當(dāng)前用戶的角色sql>select * from user_role_privs;查看當(dāng)前用戶的系統(tǒng)權(quán)限和表級權(quán)限sql>select * from user_sys_privs;sql>select * from user_tab_privs; 二、表 查看用戶下所有的表 sql>select * from user_tables; 查看名稱包含log字符的表 sql>select object_name,object_id from user_objects where instr(object_name,'log')>0; 查看某表的創(chuàng)建時間 sql>select object_name,created from user_objects where object_name=upper('&table_name'); 查看某表的大小 sql>select sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as "size(m)" from user_segments where segment_name=upper('&table_name'); 查看放在oracle的內(nèi)存區(qū)里的表 sql>select table_name,cache from user_tables where instr(cache,'y')>0; 三、索引 查看索引個數(shù)和類別 sql>select index_name,index_type,table_name from user_indexes order by table_name; 查看索引被索引的字段 sql>select * from user_ind_columns where index_name=upper('&index_name'); 查看索引的大小 sql>select sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as "size(m)" from user_segments where segment_name=upper('&index_name'); 四、序列號 查看序列號,last_number是當(dāng)前值 sql>select * from user_sequences; 五、視圖 查看視圖的名稱 sql>select view_name from user_views; 查看創(chuàng)建視圖的select語句 sql>set view_name,text_length from user_views; sql>set long 2000;說明:可以根據(jù)視圖的text_length值設(shè)定set long 的大小 sql>select text from user_views where view_name=upper('&view_name'); 六、同義詞 查看同義詞的名稱 sql>select * from user_synonyms; 七、約束條件 查看某表的約束條件 sql>select constraint_name, constraint_type,search_condition, r_constraint_name from user_constraints where table_name = upper('&table_name'); sql>select c.constraint_name,c.constraint_type,cc.column_name from user_constraints c,user_cons_columns cc where c.owner = upper('&table_owner') and c.table_name = upper('&table_name') and c.owner = cc.owner and c.constraint_name = cc.constraint_name order by cc.position; 八、存儲函數(shù)和過程 查看函數(shù)和過程的狀態(tài) sql>select object_name,status from user_objects where object_type='function'; sql>select object_name,status from user_objects where object_type='procedure'; 查看函數(shù)和過程的源代碼 sql>select text from all_source where owner=user and name=upper('&plsql_name'); 九、觸發(fā)器 查看觸發(fā)器 set long 50000; set heading off; set pagesize 2000; select 'create or replace trigger "' || trigger_name || '"' || chr(10)|| decode( substr( trigger_type, 1, 1 ), 'a', 'after', 'b', 'before', 'i', 'instead of' ) || chr(10) || triggering_event || chr(10) || 'on "' || table_owner || '"."' || table_name || '"' || chr(10) || decode( instr( trigger_type, 'each row' ), 0, null, 'for each row' ) || chr(10) , trigger_body from user_triggers;