創(chuàng)建類時指定了有參數(shù)構(gòu)造函數(shù)后,系統(tǒng)默認(rèn)不會創(chuàng)建無參數(shù)構(gòu)造函數(shù),需要自己手動創(chuàng)建。
創(chuàng)建子類的對象實(shí)例時,默認(rèn)會先調(diào)用父類的無參數(shù)的構(gòu)造函數(shù)(默認(rèn)構(gòu)造函數(shù))。
若父類未定義無參數(shù)構(gòu)造函數(shù),則在編譯階段報錯。
若子類指定了父類的有參構(gòu)造函數(shù),則可以通過編譯和運(yùn)行。
子類聲明super(id, city)顯示調(diào)用父類有參構(gòu)造函數(shù)
package cn.lw.testpkg;/** * @author wanglei 2018年4月18日 */class Predessor { private int id; private String city; public Predessor(int id, String city) { this.id = id; this.city = city; } @Override public String toString() { return "Predessor [id=" + id + ", city=" + city + "]"; }}class Successor extends Predessor { private String name; private String sex; public Successor(String name, String sex, int id, String city) { super(id, city); this.name = name; this.sex = sex; } @Override public String toString() { return "Successor [name=" + name + ", sex=" + sex + "]"; }}public class CallConstructorTest { public static void main(String[] args) { Successor s2 = new Successor("A", "male", 1, "HZ"); System.out.println(s2); }}
輸出
Successor [name=A, sex=male]
父類未定義無參數(shù)構(gòu)造函數(shù),子類不聲明super(id, city)
public Successor(String name, String sex) { this.name = name; this.sex = sex;}
編譯報錯
Implicit super constructor Predessor() is undefined. Must explicitly invoke another constructor
父類顯示定義無參數(shù)構(gòu)造函數(shù),方法調(diào)用的傳遞性
package cn.lw.testpkg;/** * @author wanglei 2018年4月18日 */class Predessor { private int id; private String city; public Predessor() { System.out.println("調(diào)用了 Predessor 無參的構(gòu)造函數(shù)"); } public Predessor(int id, String city) { this.id = id; this.city = city; } @Override public String toString() { return "Predessor [id=" + id + ", city=" + city + "]"; }}class Successor extends Predessor { private String name; private String sex; public Successor() { System.out.println("調(diào)用了 Successor 無參的構(gòu)造函數(shù)"); } public Successor(String name, String sex) { this.name = name; this.sex = sex; } @Override public String toString() { return "Successor [name=" + name + ", sex=" + sex + "]"; }}public class CallConstructorTest { public static void main(String[] args) { Successor s = new Successor(); System.out.println(s); System.out.println("--------------"); Successor s2 = new Successor("A", "male"); System.out.println(s2); }}
輸出
調(diào)用了 Predessor 無參的構(gòu)造函數(shù)
調(diào)用了 Successor 無參的構(gòu)造函數(shù)
Successor [name=null, sex=null]
--------------
調(diào)用了 Predessor 無參的構(gòu)造函數(shù)
Successor [name=A, sex=male]
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