本文實(shí)例講述了ES6中數(shù)組array新增方法。分享給大家供大家參考,具體如下:
●find :
let arr=[1,2,234,'sdf',-2];arr.find(function(x){ return x<=2;})//結(jié)果:1,返回第一個(gè)符合條件的x值arr.find(function(x,i,arr){ if(x<2){console.log(x,i,arr)}})//結(jié)果:1 0 [1, 2, 234, "sdf", -2],-2 4 [1, 2, 234, "sdf", -2]find的參數(shù)為回調(diào)函數(shù),回調(diào)函數(shù)可以接收3個(gè)參數(shù),值x、所以i、數(shù)組arr,回調(diào)函數(shù)默認(rèn)返回值x。
●findIndex :
let arr=[1,2,234,'sdf',-2];arr.findIndex(function(x){ return x<=2;})//結(jié)果:0,返回第一個(gè)符合條件的x值的索引arr.findIndex(function(x,i,arr){ if(x<2){console.log(x,i,arr)}})//結(jié)果:1 0 [1, 2, 234, "sdf", -2],-2 4 [1, 2, 234, "sdf", -2]findIndex和find差不多,不過(guò)默認(rèn)返回的是索引。
●includes:
let arr=[1,2,234,'sdf',-2];arr.includes(2);// 結(jié)果true,返回布爾值arr.includes(20);// 結(jié)果:false,返回布爾值arr.includes(2,3)//結(jié)果:false,返回布爾值
includes函數(shù)與string的includes一樣,接收2參數(shù),查詢的項(xiàng)以及查詢起始位置。
●keys:
let arr=[1,2,234,'sdf',-2];for(let a of arr.keys()){ console.log(a)}//結(jié)果:0,1,2,3,4 遍歷了數(shù)組arr的索引keys,對(duì)數(shù)組索引的遍歷
●values:
let arr=[1,2,234,'sdf',-2];for(let a of arr.values()){ console.log(a)}//結(jié)果:1,2,234,sdf,-2 遍歷了數(shù)組arr的值keys,對(duì)數(shù)組項(xiàng)的遍歷
●entries:
let arr=['w','b'];for(let a of arr.entries()){ console.log(a)}//結(jié)果:[0,w],[1,b]for(let [i,v] of arr.entries()){ console.log(i,v)}//結(jié)果:0 w,1 bentries,對(duì)數(shù)組鍵值對(duì)的遍歷。
●fill:
let arr=['w','b'];arr.fill('i')//結(jié)果:['i','i'],改變?cè)瓟?shù)組arr.fill('o',1)//結(jié)果:['i','o']改變?cè)瓟?shù)組,第二個(gè)參數(shù)表示填充起始位置new Array(3).fill('k').fill('r',1,2)//結(jié)果:['k','r','k'],第三個(gè)數(shù)組表示填充的結(jié)束位置fill方法改變?cè)瓟?shù)組,當(dāng)?shù)谌齻€(gè)參數(shù)大于數(shù)組長(zhǎng)度時(shí)候,以最后一位為結(jié)束位置。
●Array.of():
Array.of('w','i','r')//["w", "i", "r"]返回?cái)?shù)組Array.of(['w','o'])//[['w','o']]返回嵌套數(shù)組Array.of(undefined)//[undefined]依然返回?cái)?shù)組Array.of()//[]返回一個(gè)空數(shù)組Array.of()方法永遠(yuǎn)返回一個(gè)數(shù)組,參數(shù)不分類型,只分?jǐn)?shù)量,數(shù)量為0返回空數(shù)組。
●copyWithin:
["w", "i", "r"].copyWithin(0)//此時(shí)數(shù)組不變["w", "i", "r"].copyWithin(1)//["w", "w", "i"],數(shù)組從位置1開(kāi)始被原數(shù)組覆蓋,只有1之前的項(xiàng)0保持不變["w", "i", "r","b"].copyWithin(1,2)//["w", "r", "b", "b"],索引2到最后的r,b兩項(xiàng)分別替換到原數(shù)組1開(kāi)始的各項(xiàng),當(dāng)數(shù)量不夠,變終止["w", "i", "r",'b'].copyWithin(1,2,3)//["w", "r", "r", "b"],強(qiáng)第1項(xiàng)的i替換為第2項(xiàng)的r
copyWithin方法接收三個(gè)參數(shù),被替換數(shù)據(jù)的開(kāi)始處、替換塊的開(kāi)始處、替換塊的結(jié)束處(不包括);copyWithin(s,m,n).
●Array.from():
Array.from({'0':'w','1':'b',length:2})//["w", "b"],返回?cái)?shù)組的長(zhǎng)度取決于對(duì)象中的length,故此項(xiàng)必須有!Array.from({'0':'w','1':'b',length:4})//["w", "b", undefined, undefined],數(shù)組后2項(xiàng)沒(méi)有屬性去賦值,故undefinedArray.from({'0':'w','1':'b',length:1})//["w"],length小于key的數(shù)目,按序添加數(shù)組let divs=document.getElementsByTagName('div');Array.from(divs)//返回div元素?cái)?shù)組Array.from('wbiokr')//["w", "b", "i", "o", "k", "r"]Array.from([1,2,3],function(x){ return x+1})//[2, 3, 4],第二個(gè)參數(shù)為回調(diào)函數(shù)Array.from可以把帶有l(wèi)enght屬性類似數(shù)組的對(duì)象轉(zhuǎn)換為數(shù)組,也可以把字符串等可以遍歷的對(duì)象轉(zhuǎn)換為數(shù)組,它接收2個(gè)參數(shù),轉(zhuǎn)換對(duì)象與回調(diào)函數(shù)
希望本文所述對(duì)大家基于ECMAScript的程序設(shè)計(jì)有所幫助。
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