二叉樹首先要解決構(gòu)建問(wèn)題,才能考慮后續(xù)的遍歷,這里貼出通過(guò)先序構(gòu)建二叉樹,同時(shí)包含四種二叉樹的遍歷方法(先序,中序,后序,逐層)
第一、定義BinaryTreeNode 類
#include <iostream>#include <string>#include <queue>using namespace std; template<typename T >class BinaryTree;template <typename T> class BinaryTreeNode {public: friend class BinaryTree<T>; BinaryTreeNode() { data = NULL; lChild = rChild = NULL; } BinaryTreeNode(T newdata) { this->data = newdata; lChild = rChild = NULL; } T getData() { return data; } BinaryTreeNode<T> * getLeftNode() { return lChild; } BinaryTreeNode<T> * getRightNode() { return rChild; } T data; BinaryTreeNode<T>* lChild; BinaryTreeNode<T>* rChild;private: };View Code
第二、定義BinaryTree 類
template <typename T> class BinaryTree {public: BinaryTreeNode<T> *root; char* p; BinaryTree() { root = NULL; } BinaryTree(T data) { root = new BinaryTreeNode<T>(data); root->lChild = NULL; root->rChild = NULL; } ~BinaryTree() { delete root; } //構(gòu)建二叉樹并返回 BinaryTreeNode<T>* CreateTree() { BinaryTreeNode<int>* bt = NULL; char t; cin >> t; if (t == '#') { return NULL; } else { int num = t - '0'; bt = new BinaryTreeNode<T>(num); bt->lChild = CreateTree(); bt->rChild = CreateTree(); } return bt; } //先序構(gòu)建二叉樹 BinaryTreeNode<T>* PreCreateTree() { BinaryTreeNode<int>* bt = NULL; if (this->root == NULL) { cout << "請(qǐng)輸入根節(jié)點(diǎn)(#代表空樹):"; } else { cout << "請(qǐng)輸入節(jié)點(diǎn)(#代表空樹):"; } char t; cin >> t; if (t == '#') { return NULL; } else { int num = t - '0'; bt = new BinaryTreeNode<T>(num); if (this->root == NULL) { this->root = bt; } cout << bt->data << "的左孩子"; bt->lChild = PreCreateTree(); cout << bt->data << "的右邊孩子"; bt->rChild = PreCreateTree(); } return bt; } void preOderTraversal(BinaryTreeNode<T> *bt); //先序遍歷 void inOrderTraversal(BinaryTreeNode<T> *bt); //中序遍歷 void postOrderTraversal(BinaryTreeNode<T> *bt);//后序遍歷 void levelTraversal(BinaryTreeNode<T> *bt); //逐層遍歷 private: }; template <typename T>void BinaryTree<T>::preOderTraversal(BinaryTreeNode<T> *bt) { if (bt) { cout << bt->data; BinaryTree<T>::preOderTraversal(bt->getLeftNode()); BinaryTree<T>::preOderTraversal(bt->getRightNode()); }} template <typename T>void BinaryTree<T>::inOrderTraversal(BinaryTreeNode<T> *bt) { if (bt) { BinaryTree<T>::inOrderTraversal(bt->getLeftNode()); cout << bt->data; BinaryTree<T>::inOrderTraversal(bt->getRightNode()); }} template <typename T>void BinaryTree<T>::postOrderTraversal(BinaryTreeNode<T> *bt) { if (bt) { BinaryTree<T>::postOrderTraversal(bt->getLeftNode()); BinaryTree<T>::postOrderTraversal(bt->getRightNode()); cout << bt->data; }} template <typename T>void BinaryTree<T>::levelTraversal(BinaryTreeNode<T> *bt) { queue<BinaryTreeNode<T>*> que; que.push(bt); while (!que.empty()) { BinaryTreeNode<T>* proot = que.front(); que.pop(); cout << proot->data; if (proot->lChild != NULL) { que.push(proot->lChild);//左孩子入隊(duì) } if (proot->rChild != NULL) { que.push(proot->rChild);//右孩子入隊(duì) } }}View Code
第三、主程序運(yùn)行
#include "pch.h"#include <iostream>#include "BinaryTree.h" int main(){ //場(chǎng)景測(cè)試2 BinaryTree<int> btree; btree.PreCreateTree();//先序構(gòu)建二叉樹 cout << "先序遍歷:"; btree.preOderTraversal(btree.root); cout << endl;//先序遍歷 cout << "中序遍歷:"; btree.inOrderTraversal(btree.root); cout << endl;//中序遍歷 cout << "后序遍歷:"; btree.postOrderTraversal(btree.root); cout << endl;//后序遍歷 cout << "逐層序遍歷:"; btree.levelTraversal(btree.root); }View Code
最終測(cè)試運(yùn)行截圖

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