請(qǐng)教怎么從數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)隨機(jī)讀出15條記錄？ order by rand() limit 0,15 怎么從數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)隨機(jī)讀出所有記錄？ order by rand()
但是，后來(lái)我查了一下MYSQL的官方手冊(cè)，里面針對(duì)RAND()的提示大概意思就是，在ORDER BY從句里面不能使用RAND()函數(shù)，因?yàn)檫@樣會(huì)導(dǎo)致數(shù)據(jù)列被多次掃描。但是在MYSQL 3.23版本中，仍然可以通過(guò)ORDER BY RAND()來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)隨機(jī)。
但是真正測(cè)試一下才發(fā)現(xiàn)這樣效率非常低。一個(gè)15萬(wàn)余條的庫(kù)，查詢5條數(shù)據(jù)，居然要8秒以上。查看官方手冊(cè)，也說(shuō)rand()放在ORDER BY 子句中會(huì)被執(zhí)行多次，自然效率及很低。 You cannot use a column with RAND() values in an ORDER BY clause, because ORDER BY would evaluate the column multiple times. 搜索Google，網(wǎng)上基本上都是查詢max(id) * rand()來(lái)隨機(jī)獲取數(shù)據(jù)。 SELECT * FROM `table` AS t1 JOIN (SELECT ROUND(RAND() * (SELECT MAX(id) FROM `table`)) AS id) AS t2 WHERE t1.id >= t2.id ORDER BY t1.id ASC LIMIT 5;
于是我把語(yǔ)句改寫(xiě)了一下。 SELECT * FROM `table` WHERE id >= (SELECT floor(RAND() * (SELECT MAX(id) FROM `table`))) ORDER BY id LIMIT 1;
這下，效率又提高了，查詢時(shí)間只有0.01秒
最后，再把語(yǔ)句完善一下，加上MIN(id)的判斷。我在最開(kāi)始測(cè)試的時(shí)候，就是因?yàn)闆](méi)有加上MIN(id)的判斷，結(jié)果有一半的時(shí)間總是查詢到表中的前面幾行。 完整查詢語(yǔ)句是： SELECT * FROM `table` WHERE id >= (SELECT floor( RAND() * ((SELECT MAX(id) FROM `table`)-(SELECT MIN(id) FROM `table`)) + (SELECT MIN(id) FROM `table`))) ORDER BY id LIMIT 1;
SELECT * FROM `table` AS t1 JOIN (SELECT ROUND(RAND() * ((SELECT MAX(id) FROM `table`)-(SELECT MIN(id) FROM `table`))+(SELECT MIN(id) FROM `table`)) AS id) AS t2 WHERE t1.id >= t2.id ORDER BY t1.id LIMIT 1;
