此次遇到的是一個函數(shù)使用不熟練造成的問題，但有了分析工具后可以很快定位到問題（此處推薦一個非常棒的抓包工具fiddler）
正文如下：
在爬取某個app數(shù)據(jù)時（app上的數(shù)據(jù)都是由http請求的），用Fidder分析了請求信息，并把python的request header信息寫在程序中進(jìn)行請求數(shù)據(jù)
代碼如下
import requestsurl = 'http://xxx?startDate=2017-10-19&endDate=2017-10-19&pageIndex=1&limit=50&sort=datetime&order=desc'headers={ "Host":"xxx.com", "Connection": "keep-alive", "Accept": "application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01", "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/29.0.1547.59 Safari/537.36", "X-Requested-With": "XMLHttpRequest", "Referer": "http://app.jg.eastmoney.com/html_Report/index.html", "Accept-Encoding": "gzip,deflate", "Accept-Language": "en-us,en", "Cookie":"xxx"}r = requests.get(url,headers)print (r.text)請求成功但是，返回的是
{"Id":"6202c187-2fad-46e8-b4c6-b72ac8de0142","ReturnMsg":"加載失敗！"}就是被發(fā)現(xiàn)不是正常請求被攔截了
然后我去Fidder中看剛才python發(fā)送請求的記錄 #蓋掉的兩個部分分別是Host和URL。
然后查看請求詳細(xì)信息的時候，請求頭并沒有加載進(jìn)去，User-Agent就寫著python-requests ! #請求頭里的UA信息是java，python程序，有點(diǎn)反爬蟲意識的網(wǎng)站、app都會攔截掉
Header詳細(xì)信息如下
GET http://xxx?istartDate=2017-10-19&endDate=2017-10-19&pageIndex=1&limit=50&sort=datetime&order=desc &Host=xxx.com &Connection=keep-alive &Accept=application%2Fjson%2C+text%2Fjavascript%2C+%2A%2F%2A%3B+q%3D0.01 &User-Agent=Mozilla%2F5.0+%28Windows+NT+6.1%3B+WOW64%29+AppleWebKit%2F537.36+%28KHTML%2C+like+Gecko%29+Chrome%2F29.0.1547.59+Safari%2F537.36 &X-Requested-With=XMLHttpRequest &Referer=xxx &Accept-Encoding=gzip%2Cdeflate &Accept-Language=en-us%2Cen &Cookie=xxxHTTP/1.1Host: xxx.comUser-Agent: python-requests/2.18.4Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflateAccept: */*Connection: keep-aliveHTTP/1.1 200 OKServer: nginx/1.2.2Date: Sat, 21 Oct 2017 06:07:21 GMTContent-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8Content-Length: 75Connection: keep-aliveCache-Control: privateX-AspNetMvc-Version: 5.2X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319X-Powered-By: ASP.NET
一開始還沒發(fā)現(xiàn)，等我把請求的URL信息全部讀完，才發(fā)現(xiàn)程序把我的請求頭信息當(dāng)做參數(shù)放到了URL里
那就是我請求的時候request函數(shù)Header信息參數(shù)用錯了
又重新看了一下Requests庫的Headers參數(shù)使用方法，發(fā)現(xiàn)有一行代碼寫錯了，在使用request.get（）方法時要把參數(shù) “headers =“寫出來
更改如下：
import requestsurl = 'http://xxx?startDate=2017-10-19&endDate=2017-10-19&pageIndex=1&limit=50&sort=datetime&order=desc'headers={ "Host":"xxx.com", "Connection": "keep-alive", "Accept": "application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01", "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/29.0.1547.59 Safari/537.36", "X-Requested-With": "XMLHttpRequest", "Referer": "http://app.jg.eastmoney.com/html_Report/index.html", "Accept-Encoding": "gzip,deflate", "Accept-Language": "en-us,en", "Cookie":"xxx"}r = requests.get(url,headers=headers)然后去查看Fiddler中的請求。
此次python中的請求頭已經(jīng)正常了，請求詳細(xì)信息如下
GET http://xxx?startDate=2017-10-19&endDate=2017-10-19&pageIndex=1&limit=50&sort=datetime&order=desc HTTP/1.1User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/29.0.1547.59 Safari/537.36Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflateAccept: application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01Connection: keep-aliveHost: xxx.comX-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequestReferer: http://xxxAccept-Language: en-us,enCookie: xxxHTTP/1.1 200 OKServer: nginx/1.2.2Date: Sat, 21 Oct 2017 06:42:21 GMTContent-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8Content-Length: 75Connection: keep-aliveCache-Control: privateX-AspNetMvc-Version: 5.2X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319X-Powered-By: ASP.NET
然后又用python程序請求了一次，結(jié)果請求成功，返回的還是
{"Id":"6202c187-2fad-46e8-b4c6-b72ac8de0142","ReturnMsg":"加載失敗！"} 因?yàn)橐话鉩ookie都會在短時間內(nèi)過期，所以更新了cookie，然后請求成功
需要注意的是用程序爬蟲一定要把Header設(shè)置好，這個app如果反爬的時候封ip的話可能就麻煩了。
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