我自己在用socket.io開發(fā),對官方網(wǎng)站上的文檔,進行簡單的整理,然后自己寫了一個簡單的聊天程序。最最開始
先安裝socket.io:
npm install socket.io
利用Node的搭建Http服務
分為兩個文件,服務端文件app.js和客戶端index.html
app.js
var app = require('http').createServer(handler) io = require('socket.io').listen(app) fs = require('fs') app.listen(80) function handler (req, res) { fs.readFile(__dirname + '/index.html',function (err, data) {if (err) {res.writeHead(500); return res.end('Error loading index.html');} res.writeHead(200);res.end(data);});}io.sockets.on('connection', function (socket) { socket.emit('news', { hello: 'world' }); socket.on('my other event', function (data) { console.log(data);}); });這里需要注意的是: require(‘socket.io').listen(app) 實際上這句就是講socket的監(jiān)聽加入的app設置的http模塊了 io.sockets.on('connection',function()…)這里設置了在連接后進行的處理,代碼示例中,主要包含兩件事,一個是向前段發(fā)送news的事件,一個是監(jiān)聽my other event事件。
index.html
<script src="/socket.io/socket.io.js"></script><script>var socket = io.connect('http://localhost');socket.on('news', function (data) { console.log(data); socket.emit('my other event', { my: 'data' });});</script>客戶端一個引用了socket.io.js的javscript庫還有就是連接服務器(通過io.connect(‘http://localhost')) 之后在監(jiān)聽收到news的事件后,發(fā)送my other event事件
利用Express3框架上面的例子只是使用nodejs建立了一個交互,也可以使用express2的web框架, 具體app.js代碼如下:
var app = require('express')()server = require('http').createServer(app)io = require('socket.io').listen(server);server.listen(80);app.get('/', function (req, res) { res.sendfile(__dirname + '/index.html');});io.sockets.on('connection', function (socket) { socket.emit('news', { hello: 'world' }); socket.on('my other event', function (data) { console.log(data); });});接收發(fā)送事件 socket.io允許用戶自定義發(fā)送接收的事件。除了connect,message,disconnect三個事件外,用戶可以自定義自己的事件
// note, io.listen(<port>) will create a http server for youvar io = require('socket.io').listen(80);io.sockets.on('connection', function (socket) { io.sockets.emit('this', { will: 'be received by everyone'}); socket.on('private message', function (from, msg) { console.log('I received a private message by ', from, ' saying ', msg); }); socket.on('disconnect', function () { io.sockets.emit('user disconnected'); });});存儲數(shù)據(jù)有的時候需要存儲一些和客戶端關聯(lián)的數(shù)據(jù)在會話里,socket.io也是支持的,代碼如下:
var io = require('socket.io').listen(80);io.sockets.on('connection', function (socket) { socket.on('set nickname', function (name) { socket.set('nickname', name, function () { socket.emit('ready'); }); }); socket.on('msg', function () { socket.get('nickname', function (err, name) { console.log('Chat message by ', name); }); });});socket.set和socket.get方法分為用于設置和獲取變量。
設置命名空間有的時候要一個程序支持多個應用,如果使用默認的 “/” 命名空間可能會比較混亂。如果想讓一個連接可以支持多個連接,可以使用如下的命名空間的方法:
app.js
var io = require('socket.io').listen(80);var chat = io .of('/chat') .on('connection', function (socket) { socket.emit('a message', { that: 'only' , '/chat': 'will get' }); chat.emit('a message', { everyone: 'in' , '/chat': 'will get' }); });client.js
<script> var chat = io.connect('http://localhost/chat') , news = io.connect('http://localhost/news'); chat.on('connect', function () { chat.emit('hi!'); }); news.on('news', function () { news.emit('woot'); });</script>發(fā)送獲取數(shù)據(jù)有的時候,你需要在發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)后,等待服務器的消息確認。當然簡單的發(fā),可以通過兩次消息發(fā)送,來完成。這里介紹一種使用回調(diào)函數(shù)的方法:
app.js
var io = require('socket.io').listen(80);io.sockets.on('connection', function (socket) { socket.on('ferret', function (name, fn) { fn('woot'); });});client.html<script> var socket = io.connect(); // TIP: .connect with no args does auto-discovery socket.on('connect', function () { // TIP: you can avoid listening on `connect` and listen on events directly too! socket.emit('ferret', 'tobi', function (data) { console.log(data); // data will be 'woot' }); });</script>廣播向所有的連接觸發(fā)事件,這里注意:不包括本身連接的事件。
var io = require('socket.io').listen(80);io.sockets.on('connection', function (socket) {socket.broadcast.emit('user connected');});我寫的聊天程序:
index.html
<script src="/socket.io/socket.io.js"></script><script> var socket = io.connect('http://localhost'); socket.on("notice", function(data){ var msg = document.getElementById('all').value; document.getElementById('all').innerText = msg + "/n" + data.message; }); var chat_fn = function(){ var msg = document.getElementById("message").value; socket.emit("chat", {message: msg}); }; socket.on("nickname ready", function(data){ alert("nickname changed."); }); var change_nickname = function(){ var nickname = document.getElementById("nickname").value; socket.emit('set nickname', nickname); };</script><textarea id="all" cols=40 rows=20></textarea><br /><label>Message:</label><input id="message" type="text" name="message" cols=120/><input id="chat_btn" type="button" value="chat" onclick="javascript:chat_fn()" /><label>NickName:</label><input id="nickname" typee="text" name="nickname" /><input id="chang_name" type="button" value="nickname" onclick="javascript:change_nickname()" />app.jsvar app = require('http').createServer(handler) , io = require('socket.io').listen(app) , fs = require('fs');app.listen(80);function handler (req, res) { fs.readFile(__dirname + '/index.html', function (err, data) { if (err) { res.writeHead(500); return res.end('Error loading index.html'); } res.writeHead(200); res.end(data); });}io.sockets.on('connection', function (socket) { // socket.emit('news', { hello: 'world' }); // socket.on('my other event', function (data) { // console.log(data); // }); socket.set('nickname', 'nickname', function(){ }); socket.on('set nickname', function(name){ socket.set('nickname', name, function(){ console.log("change nickname=>" + name); socket.emit('nickname ready'); }); }); socket.on('chat', function(data){ socket.get('nickname', function(err, name){ socket.emit("notice", {message: name + ":" + data.message}); socket.broadcast.emit("notice", {message: name + ":" + data.message}); console.log("chat: " + data.message); }); });});以上就是本文的全部內(nèi)容,希望對大家的學習有所幫助,也希望大家多多支持武林網(wǎng)。
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