最近公司有個(gè)項(xiàng)目需要和c++做信息交換，現(xiàn)在流行比較流行http+protobuf方式，一是比較簡單學(xué)習(xí)成本低，二是信息的壓縮比例比較好，節(jié)省帶寬。

經(jīng)過調(diào)研spring 4.1以后開始支持protobufHttpMessageConverter 詳細(xì)的配置如下：

• pom.xml配置：

<dependency>    <groupId>com.google.protobuf</groupId>    <artifactId>protobuf-java</artifactId>    <version>2.5.0</version></dependency>

<dependency>    <groupId>com.googlecode.protobuf-java-format</groupId>    <artifactId>protobuf-java-format</artifactId>    <version>1.2</version></dependency>還有要引入spring核心包及spring mvc包 版本4.1.6.RELEASE，如果不知道怎么引入，百度一下配置portoc插件，也可以不用這個(gè)插件，得需要自己用protoc.exe生產(chǎn)java文件

<plugin>    <groupId>com.google.protobuf.tools</groupId>    <artifactId>maven-protoc-plugin</artifactId>    <version>0.1.10</version>    <executions>        <execution>            <id>generate-sources</id>            <goals>                <goal>compile</goal>            </goals>            <phase>generate-sources</phase>            <configuration>                <protoSourceRoot>${basedir}/src/main/proto/</protoSourceRoot>                <includes>                    <param>**/*.proto</param>                </includes>            </configuration>        </execution>    </executions>    <configuration>        <protocExecutable>D:/dev/protoc.exe</protocExecutable><!--protoc.exe文件地址,使用2.5版本-->    </configuration></plugin>

• springmvc-servlet.xml配置

<mvc:annotation-driven>    <mvc:message-converters>　　　　<!--看了一下源碼，客戶端請(qǐng)求類型必須設(shè)置成application/x-protobuf采用用這個(gè)類來解析實(shí)體        <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.protobuf.ProtobufHttpMessageConverter">

        </bean>    </mvc:message-converters></mvc:annotation-driven>

• user.proto文件，目錄/src/main/proto/和protoc插件配置路徑保持一致，如果不想用插件可以自己用protoc.exe生成java文件，可以參見protobuf使用

package com.my.pb; option java_package = "com.my.pb";

 option java_outer_classname = "UserProto"; message User {   optional int64 id = 1;   optional string name = 2;   message PhoneNumber {       required string number = 1;     }     repeated PhoneNumber phone = 4; }

• controller類

@Controllerpublic class ProtobufController{            @RequestMapping(value = "/proto/write1",method= RequestMethod.POST)    public ResponseEntity<UserProto.User> protoWrite1(RequestEntity<UserProto.User> requestEntity) {        //System.out.println("server===/n");        UserProto.User user =  requestEntity.getBody();        System.out.println("server===/n" + user);        return ResponseEntity.ok(user);    }}

• 客戶端測(cè)試代碼，使用Apache的httpclient進(jìn)行測(cè)試

@Test    public void testWrite() throws IOException {        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(baseUri+"/proto/write1");        UserProto.User user =   UserProto.User.newBuilder().setId(1).setName("zhangsan").addPhone(UserProto.User.PhoneNumber.newBuilder().setNumber("18611163408")).build();//構(gòu)造        ByteArrayInputStream inputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(user.toByteArray());        InputStreamEntity inputStreamEntity = new InputStreamEntity(inputStream);　　　　//這兩行很重要的，是告訴springmvc客戶端請(qǐng)求和響應(yīng)的類型，指定application/x-protobuf類型,spring會(huì)用ProtobufHttpMessageConverter類來解析請(qǐng)求和響應(yīng)的實(shí)體

        httpPost.addHeader("Content-Type","application/x-protobuf");        httpPost.addHeader("Accept", "application/x-protobuf");        　　　　　httpPost.setEntity(inputStreamEntity);        CloseableHttpResponse response2 = httpclient.execute(httpPost);        try {            System.out.println(response2.getStatusLine());            HttpEntity entity2 = response2.getEntity();            ByteArrayOutputStream buf = new ByteArrayOutputStream();            entity2.writeTo(buf);            System.out.println(new String(buf.toByteArray())+"#################");            UserProto.User user2 = UserProto.User.parseFrom(buf.toByteArray());            System.out.println(user2);        } finally {            response2.close();        }    }

• 總結(jié)：

當(dāng)時(shí)調(diào)試的時(shí)候試了很多次，響應(yīng)總是被轉(zhuǎn)成xml類型，最后看了源碼才發(fā)現(xiàn)客戶端要設(shè)置httpPost.addHeader("Accept", "application/x-protobuf");其實(shí)也可以自己實(shí)現(xiàn)HttpMessageConverter，也不是很麻煩，本人比較懶，有現(xiàn)成的東西不太愛閉門造車輪。

參考文獻(xiàn)：http://jinnianshilongnian.VEvb.com/blog/2107205http://docs.spring.io/spring/docs/current/spring-framework-reference/htmlsingle/