1.簡單的將日志打印到屏幕
import logginglogging.debug('This is debug message')logging.info('This is info message')logging.warning('This is warning message') 屏幕上打印:WARNING:root:This is warning message
默認情況下,logging將日志打印到屏幕,日志級別為WARNING;
日志級別大小關系為:CRITICAL > ERROR > WARNING > INFO > DEBUG > NOTSET,當然也可以自己定義日志級別。
2.通過logging.basicConfig函數對日志的輸出格式及方式做相關配置
import logginglogging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG, format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s', datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S', filename='myapp.log', filemode='w') logging.debug('This is debug message')logging.info('This is info message')logging.warning('This is warning message') ./myapp.log文件中內容為:Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:11] DEBUG This is debug messageSun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:12] INFO This is info messageSun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:13] WARNING This is warning message
logging.basicConfig函數各參數:
filename: 指定日志文件名
filemode: 和file函數意義相同,指定日志文件的打開模式,'w'或'a'
format: 指定輸出的格式和內容,format可以輸出很多有用信息,如上例所示:
%(levelno)s: 打印日志級別的數值
%(levelname)s: 打印日志級別名稱
%(pathname)s: 打印當前執行程序的路徑,其實就是sys.argv[0]
%(filename)s: 打印當前執行程序名
%(funcName)s: 打印日志的當前函數
%(lineno)d: 打印日志的當前行號
%(asctime)s: 打印日志的時間
%(thread)d: 打印線程ID
%(threadName)s: 打印線程名稱
%(PRocess)d: 打印進程ID
%(message)s: 打印日志信息
datefmt: 指定時間格式,同time.strftime()
level: 設置日志級別,默認為logging.WARNING
stream: 指定將日志的輸出流,可以指定輸出到sys.stderr,sys.stdout或者文件,默認輸出到sys.stderr,當stream和filename同時指定時,stream被忽略
3.將日志同時輸出到文件和屏幕
import logginglogging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG, format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s', datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S', filename='myapp.log', filemode='w')##################################################################################################定義一個StreamHandler,將INFO級別或更高的日志信息打印到標準錯誤,并將其添加到當前的日志處理對象#console = logging.StreamHandler()console.setLevel(logging.INFO)formatter = logging.Formatter('%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s')console.setFormatter(formatter)logging.getLogger('').addHandler(console)#################################################################################################logging.debug('This is debug message')logging.info('This is info message')logging.warning('This is warning message') 屏幕上打印:root : INFO This is info messageroot : WARNING This is warning message ./myapp.log文件中內容為:Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:11] DEBUG This is debug messageSun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:12] INFO This is info messageSun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:13] WARNING This is warning message
4.logging之日志回滾
import loggingfrom logging.handlers import RotatingFileHandler##################################################################################################定義一個RotatingFileHandler,最多備份5個日志文件,每個日志文件最大10MRthandler = RotatingFileHandler('myapp.log', maxBytes=10*1024*1024,backupCount=5)Rthandler.setLevel(logging.INFO)formatter = logging.Formatter('%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s')Rthandler.setFormatter(formatter)logging.getLogger('').addHandler(Rthandler)################################################################################################
從上例和本例可以看出,logging有一個日志處理的主對象,其它處理方式都是通過addHandler添加進去的。
logging的幾種handle方式如下:
logging.StreamHandler: 日志輸出到流,可以是sys.stderr、sys.stdout或者文件 logging.FileHandler: 日志輸出到文件
日志回滾方式,實際使用時用RotatingFileHandler和TimedRotatingFileHandler logging.handlers.BaseRotatingHandler logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler logging.handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler
logging.handlers.SocketHandler: 遠程輸出日志到TCP/ip sockets
logging.handlers.DatagramHandler: 遠程輸出日志到UDP sockets
logging.handlers.SMTPHandler: 遠程輸出日志到郵件地址
logging.handlers.SysLogHandler: 日志輸出到syslog
logging.handlers.NTEventLogHandler: 遠程輸出日志到Windows NT/2000/XP的事件日志
logging.handlers.MemoryHandler: 日志輸出到內存中的制定buffer
logging.handlers.HTTPHandler: 通過"GET"或"POST"遠程輸出到HTTP服務器
由于StreamHandler和FileHandler是常用的日志處理方式,所以直接包含在logging模塊中,而其他方式則包含在logging.handlers模塊中,
上述其它處理方式的使用請參見python2.5手冊!
5.通過logging.config模塊配置日志
#logger.conf ############################################### [loggers]keys=root,example01,example02 [logger_root]level=DEBUGhandlers=hand01,hand02 [logger_example01]handlers=hand01,hand02qualname=example01propagate=0 [logger_example02]handlers=hand01,hand03qualname=example02propagate=0 ############################################### [handlers]keys=hand01,hand02,hand03 [handler_hand01]class=StreamHandlerlevel=INFOformatter=form02args=(sys.stderr,) [handler_hand02]class=FileHandlerlevel=DEBUGformatter=form01args=('myapp.log', 'a') [handler_hand03]class=handlers.RotatingFileHandlerlevel=INFOformatter=form02args=('myapp.log', 'a', 10*1024*1024, 5) ############################################### [formatters]keys=form01,form02 [formatter_form01]format=%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)sdatefmt=%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S [formatter_form02]format=%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)sdatefmt=
import loggingimport logging.configlogging.config.fileConfig("logger.conf")logger = logging.getLogger("example01")logger.debug('This is debug message')logger.info('This is info message')logger.warning('This is warning message')
import loggingimport logging.configlogging.config.fileConfig("logger.conf")logger = logging.getLogger("example02")logger.debug('This is debug message')logger.info('This is info message')logger.warning('This is warning message')
6.logging是線程安全的
from:http://blog.csdn.net/yatere/article/details/6655445
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