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使用 CXF 做 webservice 簡單例子

2019-11-11 04:32:39
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一、對比Axis2和CXF

jws的發布對java webservice框架產生了巨大的影響,經過大浪淘沙,目前java開發webservice的框架主要包括axis2和cxf。

axis2和cxf都是apache旗下的產品,但是其目的不同,導致webservice開發方法也不一樣。兩個框架都得到了開發者的支持。有必要對二者進行以下對比。

 
 Axis2CXF
目標WebService引擎簡易的SOA框架,可以作為ESB
ws* 標準支持不支持WS-PolicyWS-Addressing,WS-Policy, WS-RM, WS-Security,WS-I Basic PRofile
數據綁定支持xmlBeans、JiBX、JaxMe 、JaxBRI、ADBJAXB, Aegis, XMLBeans, SDO, JiBX
spring集成不支持支持
應用集成困難簡單
多語言支持C/C++不支持
部署web應用嵌入式
服務監控和管理支持不支持

結論:

如果希望以一種一致的方式實現webservice,特別是有跨語言的需求時,應該使用Axis2如果需要在現有的java程序(包括web應用)中增加webservice支持,應該使用CXF

二、編寫服務類

從Java6開始,WebService API從Java EE復制到了Java SE。并遵循了一系列的標準,比如JSR181(Web Service 元數據),JSR224(JAX-WS,基于XML的WebService API),JSR67(SAAJ,SOAP附件標準)等。 并分別定義到javax.jws, javax.xml.ws 和 javax.xml.soap包中。

JSR181支持使用標注(annotation)來定義WebService。在javax.jws中主要的標注類包括:

 
標注說明
WebService將 Java 類標記為實現 Web Service,或者將 Java 接口標記為定義 Web Service 接口
WebMethod定制Web Service方法
WebParam定制Web Service方法的參數
WebResult定制Web Service方法的返回值
SOAPBinding指定WebService的SOAP映射樣式
使用標注可以在不改變代碼邏輯的前提下讓外部代碼能夠獲得更多的元數據。下面就用javax.jws定義的標注來聲明一個WebServicepom增加CXF依賴     <dependencies>           <dependency>                <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>                <artifactId>apache-cxf</artifactId>                <version>${cxf.version}</version>                <type>pom</type>           </dependency>     </dependencies>     <properties>           <cxf.version>2.2.4</cxf.version>     </properties>增加接口服務packagecom.dogiant.demo;importjavax.jws.WebService;@WebServicepublicinterfaceCXFDemo {     publicString sayHello(Stringfoo);}實現服務類packagecom.dogiant.demo;importjavax.jws.WebService;@WebService(endpointInterface ="com.dogiant.demo.CXFDemo", serviceName ="cxfDemo")publicclassCXFDemoImplimplementsCXFDemo {     @Override     publicString sayHello(Stringfoo) {           return"hello "+foo;     }}三、以endpoint發布

到目前為止,使用的都是標準Java SE中的東西。下面要開始依賴CXF實現一些功能。

首先是服務的發布。CXF不僅支持通過Web容器發布WebService,也可以在嵌入式代碼中通過jetty發布WebService。

下面的測試類包含了發布服務和客戶端調用的代碼:           <dependency>                <groupId>junit</groupId>                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>                <version>4.12</version>                <scope>test</scope>           </dependency>packagecom.dogiant.demo;importjavax.xml.ws.Endpoint;importorg.apache.cxf.jaxws.JaxWsProxyFactoryBean;importorg.junit.Assert;importjunit.framework.TestCase;publicclassTestEndpointextendsTestCase {          privatestaticfinalStringADDRESS= "http://localhost:9000/cxfdemo" ;     protectedvoidsetUp()throwsException {           super.setUp();           System.out.println("Starting Server");           CXFDemoImpldemo= new CXFDemoImpl();           Endpoint.publish(ADDRESS,demo);           System.out.println("Start success");     }     publicvoidtestSayHello() {           JaxWsProxyFactoryBeanfactory= new JaxWsProxyFactoryBean();           factory.setServiceClass(CXFDemo.class);           factory.setAddress(ADDRESS);           CXFDemoclient= (CXFDemo)factory.create();           Assert.assertEquals(client.sayHello("foo"),"hello foo");     }}信息: Creating Service {http://demo.dogiant.com/}CXFDemoImplService from class com.dogiant.demo.CXFDemo2016-3-28 10:49:48 org.apache.cxf.endpoint.ServerImpl initDestination信息: Setting the server's publish address to be http://localhost:9000/cxfdemo2016-3-28 10:49:48 org.mortbay.log.Slf4jLog info信息: Logging to org.slf4j.impl.JDK14LoggerAdapter(org.mortbay.log) via org.mortbay.log.Slf4jLog2016-3-28 10:49:48 org.mortbay.log.Slf4jLog info信息: jetty-6.1.212016-3-28 10:49:48 org.mortbay.log.Slf4jLog info信息: Started SelectChannelConnector@0.0.0.0:9000Start success2016-3-28 10:49:48 org.apache.cxf.service.factory.ReflectionServiceFactoryBean buildServiceFromClass信息: Creating Service {http://demo.dogiant.com/}CXFDemoService from class com.dogiant.demo.CXFDemo四、在webapp中發布web.xml<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?><web-appxmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"     xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd "     version="2.5">     <display-name>spring-cxf-demo</display-name>          <context-param>           <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>           <param-value>classpath*:spring/spring-config*.xml </param-value>     </context-param>          <listener>          <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>     </listener>          <servlet>           <servlet-name>CXFServlet</servlet-name>          <servlet-class>org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet</servlet-class>     </servlet>     <servlet-mapping>           <servlet-name>CXFServlet</servlet-name>           <url-pattern>/services/*</url-pattern>     </servlet-mapping></web-app>spring-config-cxf.xml<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?><beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"     xsi:schemaLocation="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws     http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">     <importresource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf.xml"/>     <importresource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf-extension-soap.xml"/>     <importresource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf-servlet.xml"/>     <jaxws:endpointid="cxfDemo"implementor="com.dogiant.demo.CXFDemoImpl"           address="/cxfdemo"/></beans>http://localhost:8080/services/cxfdemo           <dependency>                <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>                <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>                <version>2.5</version>                <scope>provided</scope>   //此處不注意會報錯           </dependency>http://localhost:8080/services/cxfdemo?wsdl五、客戶端packagecom.dogiant.demo;importorg.apache.cxf.jaxws.JaxWsProxyFactoryBean;publicclassCXFClient {     publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args) {      JaxWsProxyFactoryBeanproxy= new JaxWsProxyFactoryBean();           proxy.setServiceClass(CXFDemo.class);           proxy.setAddress("http://localhost:8080/services/cxfdemo");           CXFDemocxf= (CXFDemo)proxy.create();           System.out.println(cxf.sayHello("haha"));     }}與spring集成<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?><beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"     xsi:schemaLocation="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws     http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">     <beanid="clientFactory"class="org.apache.cxf.jaxws.JaxWsProxyFactoryBean">           <propertyname="serviceClass"value="com.dogiant.demo.CXFDemo"/>           <propertyname="address"value="http://localhost:8080/services/cxfdemo"/>     </bean>     <beanid="client"class="com.dogiant.demo.CXFDemo"factory-bean="clientFactory"           factory-method="create"/></beans>測試用例packagecom.dogiant.demo;importorg.junit.Test;importorg.junit.runner.RunWith;importorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;importorg.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;importorg.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:spring/spring-config-cxf-client.xml"})publicclassTestCXFClient {          @Autowired     privateCXFDemoclient;          @Test     publicvoidtest() {           System.out.println(client.sayHello("hello"));     }}

附:

cxf官網 February 8, 2016 - Apache CXF 3.1.5/3.0.8 released!http://cxf.apache.org/index.html

cxf-demo例子

https://github.com/dogiant/cxf-demo 

cxf官網 February 8, 2016 - Apache CXF 3.1.5/3.0.8 released!http://cxf.apache.org/index.html
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