OUI的安裝方式便捷、直觀，但是有時候出于一些原因（PS：網絡等原因），無法在服務器上使用OUI的方式，此時就只有用命令行來進行安裝了。

1、配置內核參數（root用戶）

vim /etc/sysctl.conf

kernel.shmmax = 784676864kernel.shmall = 153257kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500net.core.rmem_default = 4194304net.core.rmem_max = 4194304net.core.wmem_default = 262144net.core.wmem_max = 1048576fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576fs.file-max = 6815744
修改后使用sysctl -p使配置生效
2、配置資源限制（root用戶）
vim /etc/security/limits.conf
Oracle     soft       nPRoc     2047oracle     hard     nproc     16384oracle     soft     nofile      1024oracle     hard     nofile     65536oracle     soft      stack     10240
3、創建用戶組和用戶組（root用戶）
groupadd oinstallgroupadd dbauseradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oracle設置oracle賬戶口令
passwd oracle
4、創建目錄以及授權（root用戶）
mkdir -p /home/u01創建軟連接綁定
ln -s /home/u01 /u01
創建對應目錄結構
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle指定用戶組以及授權
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/chmod -R 775 /u01/5、配置環境變量（oracle用戶）
su -oracle切換到oracle用戶編輯.bash_profile配置環境變量
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/appexport ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/oracleexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib:/usr/X11R6/libexport TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/adminexport ORA_NLS33=$ORACLE_HOME/ocommon/nls/admin/dataexport ORACLE_OWNER=oracleexport PATH=/usr/kerberos/sbin:/usr/kerberos/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH編輯完后使用source .bash_profile命令使配置生效
6、 配置響應文件
在解壓后的oracle安裝文件夾：database/response目錄下有一個響應文件的配置模板，根據需要自行配置即可
 
下面是我的install.rsp配置文件，供參考：
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Do not change the following system generated value. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v12.1.0#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the installation option.# It can be one of the following:#   - INSTALL_DB_SWONLY#   - INSTALL_DB_AND_CONFIG#   - UPGRADE_DB#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the hostname of the system as set during the install. It can be used# to force the installation to use an alternative hostname rather than using the# first hostname found on the system. (e.g., for systems with multiple hostnames # and network interfaces)#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------ORACLE_HOSTNAME=orc1#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the Unix group to be set for the inventory directory.  #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------UNIX_GROUP_NAME=dba#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the location which holds the inventory files.# This is an optional parameter if installing on# Windows based Operating System.#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the languages in which the components will be installed.             # # en   : English                  ja   : Japanese                  # fr   : French                   ko   : Korean                    # ar   : Arabic                   es   : Latin American Spanish    # bn   : Bengali                  lv   : Latvian                   # pt_BR: Brazilian Portuguese     lt   : Lithuanian                # bg   : Bulgarian                ms   : Malay                     # fr_CA: Canadian French          es_MX: Mexican Spanish           # ca   : Catalan                  no   : Norwegian                 # hr   : Croatian                 pl   : Polish                    # cs   : Czech                    pt   : Portuguese                # da   : Danish                   ro   : Romanian                  # nl   : Dutch                    ru   : Russian                   # ar_EG: Egyptian                 zh_CN: Simplified Chinese        # en_GB: English (Great Britain)  sk   : Slovak                    # et   : Estonian                 sl   : Slovenian                 # fi   : Finnish                  es_ES: Spanish                   # de   : German                   sv   : Swedish                   # el   : Greek                    th   : Thai                      # iw   : Hebrew                   zh_TW: Traditional Chinese       # hu   : Hungarian                tr   : Turkish                   # is   : Icelandic                uk   : Ukrainian                 # in   : Indonesian               vi   : Vietnamese                # it   : Italian                                                   ## all_langs   : All languages## Specify value as the following to select any of the languages.# Example : SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,fr,ja## Specify value as the following to select all the languages.# Example : SELECTED_LANGUAGES=all_langs  #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the complete path of the Oracle Home. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the complete path of the Oracle Base. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the installation edition of the component.                     #                                                             # The value should contain only one of these choices.  #   - EE     : Enterprise Edition #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE################################################################################                                                                             ## PRIVILEGED OPERATING SYSTEM GROUPS                                          ## ------------------------------------------                                  ## Provide values for the OS groups to which OSDBA and OSOPER privileges       ## needs to be granted. If the install is being performed as a member of the   ## group "dba", then that will be used unless specified otherwise below.       ##                                                                             ## The value to be specified for OSDBA and OSOPER group is only for UNIX based ## Operating System.                                                           ##                                                                             #################################################################################------------------------------------------------------------------------------# The DBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSDBA privileges.#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# The OPER_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSOPER privileges.# The value to be specified for OSOPER group is optional.#------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# The BACKUPDBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSBACKUPDBA privileges.#------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.BACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# The DGDBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSDGDBA privileges.#------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.DGDBA_GROUP=dba#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# The KMDBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSKMDBA privileges.#------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.KMDBA_GROUP=dba#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify whether user doesn't want to configure Security Updates.# The value for this variable should be true if you don't want to configure# Security Updates, false otherwise.## The value can be either true or false. If left blank it will be assumed# to be false.## Example    : DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=false#------------------------------------------------------------------------------DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true7、最后運行./runInstaller -silent -responsefile /home/oracle/db_install.rsp安裝即可。
[最后PS：（1）依賴包的檢測本應該在一開始就檢查的，但是我有一個壞毛病每次都是安裝后看它提示缺什么包之后再去安裝。
                  （2）各系統需要的package的傳送門：http://docs.oracle.com/database/121/LTCQI/toc.htm#CHDJIDDD
                  （3）安裝失敗時候主要看看日志中先決條件測試那部分的日志，是否所有先決條件測試都success了]