前提準備：

1.使用python requests模塊

2.了解json

3.zabbix api的具體調用建議先瀏覽一下官網

先上代碼：

import requests,json##url一定要正確，IP地址換成自己zabbix服務器的zbx_url = "http://192.168.60.130:3080/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php"#在post請求頭部必須要有 'Content-Type': 'application/json-rpc'headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json-rpc'}#傳遞json 數據到api;登錄login = {  "jsonrpc": "2.0",  "method": "user.login",  "params": {    "user": "Admin",    "password": "zabbix"  },  "id": 1}#首次登陸不用在json字段中寫 auth，否則會有相關的報錯#將數據發送到apiret = requests.post(zbx_url, data=json.dumps(login), headers=headers)#對結果進行序列化ret = ret.json()auth = ret['result']#獲取問題主機jsondata = {  "jsonrpc": "2.0",  "method":"trigger.get",  "params": {    # output表示輸出結果包含參數有哪些    "output": [      "triggerid",      "description",      "status",      "value",      "priority",      "lastchange",      "recovery_mode",      "hosts",      "state",    ],    "selectHosts": "hosts", # 需包含主機ID信息，以便于根據主機ID查詢主機信息    "selectItems":"items",    "filter": {      # 篩選條件       "value": 1,#value值為1表示有問題       "status": 0#status為0表示已啟用的trigger    },  },  "auth":auth,#這里的auth就是登錄后獲取的  'id':'1'#這個id可以隨意}#將查詢數據發送到zabbix-serverret = requests.post(zbx_url,data=json.dumps(data),headers=headers)respone_result = ret.json()['result']#對結果進行json序列化print(respone_result)

下面簡單介紹一下上訴代碼：

要調用zabbix api獲取數據，首先要獲得auth這一串字符用戶后續的內容獲取，auth可以看做是一種你與zabbix-server之間的"暗號"；

登錄的json內容之所以這樣寫是zabbix官方規定的，json字符串里面千萬不能使用tab鍵。

login = {  "jsonrpc": "2.0",  "method": "user.login",  "params": {    "user": "Admin",     #根據自己的情況填    "password": "zabbix"   #根據自己的條件填寫  },  "id": 1}

獲取問題主機的json字符串建議先瀏覽一下官網的說明，要強調的是output和filter這兩個key，output就是zabbix api返回來的內容，filter相當于是過濾條件：

"filter": {      # 篩選條件       "value": 1,       #value值為1表示有問題       "status": 0       #status為0表示已啟用的trigger    },

上訴代碼表示 value=1 and status=0，是一種與關系，很像查數據庫表時候的過濾操作。

強烈建議先大概瀏覽一下官網文檔

PS:Python通過Zabbix API獲得數據的方法

Zabbix API查詢：https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/2.0/manual/appendix/api/api

import json,urllib2from urllib2 import Request, urlopen, URLError, HTTPError#url and url header#zabbix的api 地址，用戶名，密碼，這里修改為自己實際的參數zabbix_url="http://10.16.2.40/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php"zabbix_header = {"Content-Type":"application/json"}zabbix_user  = "admin"zabbix_pass  = "password"auth_code   = ""#auth user and password#用戶認證信息的部分，最終的目的是得到一個SESSIONID#這里是生成一個json格式的數據，用戶名和密碼auth_data = json.dumps(    {      "jsonrpc":"2.0",      "method":"user.login",      "params":          {            "user":zabbix_user,            "password":zabbix_pass          },      "id":0    })# create request objectrequest = urllib2.Request(zabbix_url,auth_data)for key in zabbix_header:  request.add_header(key,zabbix_header[key])try:  result = urllib2.urlopen(request)#對于出錯新的處理except HTTPError, e:  print 'The server couldn/'t fulfill the request, Error code: ', e.codeexcept URLError, e:  print 'We failed to reach a server.Reason: ', e.reasonelse:  response=json.loads(result.read())  print response  result.close()#判斷SESSIONID是否在返回的數據中if 'result' in response:  auth_code=response['result']else:  print response['error']['data']                                                                                          # request json#用得到的SESSIONID去通過驗證，獲取主機的信息（用http.get方法）if len(auth_code) <> 0:  host_list=[]  get_host_data = json.dumps(  {    "jsonrpc":"2.0",    "method":"host.get",    "params":{        "output": "extend",    },    "auth":auth_code,    "id":1,  })  # create request object  request = urllib2.Request(zabbix_url,get_host_data)  for key in zabbix_header:    request.add_header(key,zabbix_header[key])  # get host list  try:    result = urllib2.urlopen(request)  except URLError as e:    if hasattr(e, 'reason'):      print 'We failed to reach a server.'      print 'Reason: ', e.reason    elif hasattr(e, 'code'):      print 'The server could not fulfill the request.'      print 'Error code: ', e.code  else:    response = json.loads(result.read())    result.close()                                                                                        #將所有的主機信息顯示出來    for r in response['result']:    #  print r['hostid'],r['host']      host_list.append(r['hostid'])    #顯示主機的個數    print "Number Of Hosts: ", len(host_list)  　　#返回所有hostid==10251的主機，并只查詢name包含“CPU Usage”字段的item，并按照name排序  get_item_data = json.dumps({    "jsonrpc": "2.0",    "method": "item.get",    "params": {      "output": "extend",      "hostids": "10251"      "search": {        #"key_": 'perf_counter[/Processor Information(_Total)/% Processor Time]'        "name": "CPU Usage"      },      "sortfield": "name"    },    "auth": auth_code,    "id": 1  })  request = urllib2.Request(zabbix_url,get_item_data)  for key in zabbix_header:    request.add_header(key,zabbix_header[key])  result = urllib2.urlopen(request)  try:    result = urllib2.urlopen(request)      response = json.loads(result.read())    for r in response['result']:      print r['itemid'],r['hostid']    result.close()    except:    pass  #通過hostid獲取相應的graphid  get_graph_data = json.dumps({    "jsonrpc": "2.0",    "method": "graphitem.get",    "params": {      "output": "extend",      "expandData": 1,      "itemids": "33712"    },    "auth": auth_code,    "id": 1  })  request = urllib2.Request(zabbix_url,get_graph_data)  for key in zabbix_header:    request.add_header(key,zabbix_header[key])  result = urllib2.urlopen(request)  try:    result = urllib2.urlopen(request)      response = json.loads(result.read())    for r in response['result']:      print r['itemid'],r['graphid']    result.close()    except:    pass